Foley v. Sportran, City of Shreveport
Decision Date | 17 May 2006 |
Docket Number | No. 40,624-WCA.,40,624-WCA. |
Citation | 930 So.2d 368 |
Parties | Nancy Malone FOLEY, Plaintiff-Appellant v. SPORTRAN, CITY OF SHREVEPORT, Defendant-Appellee. |
Court | Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US |
Nancy Malone Foley, In Proper Person.
Law Offices of Ronald F. Lattier, LLC by Ronald F. Lattier, Curtis R. Joseph, Jr., Shreveport, for Appellee.
Before STEWART, CARAWAY and DREW, JJ.
In this workers compensation case, Nancy Foley ("Foley") appeals the Workers Compensations Judge's (WCJ) grant of her employer's, Sportran/City of Shreveport ("City"), motion for summary judgment. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
On August 13, 2001, Nancy Foley allegedly slipped while entering a bus she was driving and fell between the bus and a curb. She apparently sustained injuries to her hip, leg, and ankle. Foley was initially treated for her injuries by Dr. Raymond Dennie at Willis Knighton WorkKare, and subsequently referred to the Work Conditioning Center for therapy under the direction of Paul Procell, an occupational therapist. Mr. Procell reported that the claimant had provided inappropriate pain behavior within therapy and determined that Foley was medically able to return to work in a light duty capacity, and was in no way disabled or otherwise unable to work. Dr. Dennie discontinued therapy and released Foley to light duty with no bus driving with a referral to an orthopedic surgeon or neurosurgeon of her choice.
Following her release from Dr. Dennie, Foley selected Dr. Gordon Mead as her orthopedist. His initial diagnostic testing revealed nothing to corroborate her subjective complaints of pain. Foley was further evaluated by Dr. M. Ragan Green, Dr. Karl Bilderback, Dr. Robert Goodman, and Dr. Roan Flenniken. None of these physicians opined that Foley was disabled or otherwise unable to work as a result of an alleged workplace injury.
The trial court granted the defendant's motion for summary judgment and this appeal ensued.
The motion for summary judgment is a procedural device to avoid a full-scale trial when there is no genuine issue of material fact. Brown v. International Paper Co., 38,892 (La.App.2d Cir.9/22/04), 882 So.2d 1228, writ denied, 2004-2865 (La.1/28/05), 893 So.2d 78. Summary judgment procedure is designed to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action, except certain domestic actions; the procedure is favored and shall be construed to accomplish these ends. La. C.C.P. art. 966(A)(2). The motion should be granted if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to material fact and that the mover is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. La. C.C.P. art. 966(B). The burden of proof remains with the mover; however, if the mover will not bear the burden of proof at trial, then the mover may merely point out to the court the absence of factual support for one or more elements essential to the plaintiff's claim. The burden then shifts to the plaintiff to present evidence demonstrating that genuine issues of material fact remain. La. C.C.P. art. 966(C)(2). Appellate review of the grant or denial of summary judgment is de novo. Jones v. Estate of Santiago, 2003-1424 (La.4/14/04), 870 So.2d 1002. A plaintiff in a workers' compensation action has the burden of establishing a work-related accident by a preponderance of the evidence. Emilien v. U.R. Construction, 2002-0278 (La.App. 4th Cir.10/30/02), 832 So.2d 345; Qualls v. Stone Container Corporation, 29,794 (La.App.2d Cir.9/24/97), 699 So.2d 1137; Bruno v. Harbert International Inc., 593 So.2d 357 (La.1992); Nelson v. Roadway Express, Inc., 588 So.2d 350 (La.1991). Proof by a preponderance of evidence means that the fact or cause sought to be proved is more probable than not. James v. McHenry, 36,098 (La.App.2d Cir.9/18/02), 828 So.2d 94. He must establish a causal link between the work-related accident and his injury. Rhodes v. Terre bonne Parish Sheriff, 2001-2279 (La.App. 1st Cir.6/21/02), 822 So.2d 114; Qualls, supra. If the evidence is evenly balanced or shows only some possibility that a work-related event produced the disability or leaves the question open to speculation or conjecture, then the plaintiff fails to carry the burden of proof. Emilien, supra; Shelton v. Wall, 614 So.2d 828 (La.App. 2d Cir.1993); Williams v. Louisiana Coca-Cola Co., 94-810 (La. App. 5th Cir.3/1/95), 652 So.2d 108.
In order to meet the preponderance burden, the evidence must show sudden objective findings of an injury, rather than mere manifestation of a gradual deterioration or progressive degeneration. Qualls, supra; Jones v. AT & T, 28,059 (La.App.2d Cir.2/28/99), 669 So.2d 696.
Unfortunately for Ms. Foley, she has presented no evidence to support her claim for workers' compensation benefits. She has been seen by no less than six doctors and none of them has opined that she is disabled and unable to return to work. In his August 31, 2001, work conditioning discharge summary to Dr. Dennie, Mr. Procell assessed that Foley has tolerated therapy poorly without benefit because of "inappropriate pain behavior" and her inability to perform any stretches or exercises to assist with recovery of her injury. Mr. Procell recommended that Foley be discharged from therapy until these behaviors were resolved. Dr. Mead testified that at no time during his treatment of Foley did he ever assign any disability rating regarding her alleged workplace injury. He opined that she was not disabled or otherwise unable to return to her previous employment. During his treatment of Foley, Dr. Bilderback found no objective evidence of Foley's subjective complaints. In fact, he opined that Foley presented symptom magnification. Our examination of the medical records presented by Foley's treatment with Dr. Flenniken, and Dr. Goodman does not demonstrate any connection between the workplace injury and any of the subjective complaints of Ms. Foley.
The plaintiff also claimed disability benefits, including supplemental earnings benefits ("SEB") and temporary total disability benefits ("TTD"). An employee is entitled to receive TTD benefits only if he proves by clear and convincing evidence, unaided by any presumption of disability, that the employee is physically unable to engage in any employment or self-employment. Nelson v. City of Grambling, 31,303 (La.App.2d Cir.12/9/98), 722 So.2d 358; Knotts v. Snelling Temporaries, 27,773 (La.App.2d Cir.12/6/95), 665 So.2d 657; Johnson v. Temple-Inland, 95-948 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1/31/96), 670 So.2d 388. To prove a matter by clear and convincing evidence means to demonstrate that the existence of a disputed fact is highly probable, that is, much more probable than is nonexistence. Nelson v. City of Grambling, supra; Knotts v. Snelling Temporaries, supra; Johnson v. Temple-Inland, supra.
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