De Font v. United States, No. 71-1124.

• Decision Date: 06 January 1972
• Docket Number: No. 71-1124.
• Citation: 453 F.2d 1239
• Parties: Aida Guzman De FONT et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES of America et al., Defendants-Appellees.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — First Circuit

453 F.2d 1239 (1972)

Aida Guzman De FONT et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. UNITED STATES of America et al., Defendants-Appellees.

No. 71-1124.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

Heard November 16, 1971.

Decided January 6, 1972.

Antonio Montalvo-Nazario, San Juan, P. R., with whom Segurola & Montalvo, San Juan, P. R., was on brief, for plaintiffs-appellants.

Morton Hollander, Atty., Dept. of Justice, with whom L. Patrick Gray, III, Asst. Atty. Gen., Julio Morales-Sanchez, U. S. Atty. and Robert M. Feinson, Atty., Dept. of Justice, were on brief, for defendants-appellees.

Before COFFIN, Circuit Judge, VAN OOSTERHOUT^*, Senior Circuit Judge, and STEPHENSON^*, Circuit Judge.

PER CURIAM.

Plaintiffs appeal from dismissal of their complaint under the Federal Tort Claims Act (28 U.S.C. §§ 1346(b), 2674) for damages sustained as a result of malpractice injury to their deceased husband and father. The trial court dismissed on the basis of Feres v. United States, 340 U.S. 135, 71 S.Ct. 153, 95 L.Ed. 152 (1950). The complaint alleges that the treatment evaluation and medical care given decedent by various army physicians and hospitals was "deficient, negligent and unwarranted, causing extreme pain, mental disorder and anguish" to deceased and his wife, and that "plaintiffs have suffered the loss of companionship, the loss of father's ability to produce income and support to both plaintiffs, which are calculated in the amount of $884,000."

Initially, we observe that the plaintiffs, in opposition to the Government's motion to dismiss, contend Feres does not control because plaintiffs were not members of the Armed Forces at the time of the negligent act and the injuries received by both plaintiffs did not arise out of, or in the course of, activity incident to service because both plaintiffs were civilians at the time the injuries and damages were suffered. Plaintiffs contend that as wife and child of decedent they have a separate and independent cause of action for mental suffering and anguish under the Civil Code of Puerto Rico. 31 L.P.R.A. § 5141. See Commercial Union Insurance Company v. Gonzalez Rivera, 358 F.2d 480, 482-483. (C.A.5 1966). The mere fact that the cause of action is not derivative under local law, but is an original and distinct cause of action granted to the heirs and personal representatives to recover damages sustained by them by reason of the wrongful death of the decedent, does not remove it from the prohibition of Feres. Van Sickel v. United States, 285 F.2d 87 (C.A.9 1960); United States v. Lee, 400 F.2d 558 (C.A.9 1968), cert. denied, 393 U.S. 1053, 89 S.Ct. 691, 21 L.Ed.2d 695 (1969). In Feres, 340 U.S. at p. 143, 71 S.Ct. 153, the Supreme Court made it clear that an accident of geography would not be determinative of the applicable law. The controlling rule is that the Government is not liable under the Act "for injuries to servicemen where the injuries arise out of or are in the course of activity incident to service," Feres at p. 146, 71 S.Ct. at 159.

In the case at hand, the damage claim for loss of ...