Food Lion, Inc. v. Lee

• Decision Date: 22 June 1993
• Docket Number: No. 1301-92-1,1301-92-1
• Citation: Food Lion, Inc. v. Lee, 431 S.E.2d 342, 16 Va.App. 616 (Va. App. 1993)
• Parties: FOOD LION, INC. and Alexsis Risk Management Services, Inc. v. Robert J. LEE. Record
• Court: Virginia Court of Appeals

Page 342

431 S.E.2d 342

16 Va.App. 616

FOOD LION, INC. and Alexsis Risk Management Services, Inc. v.Robert J. LEE.

Record No. 1301-92-1.

Court of Appeals of Virginia.

June 22, 1993.

Daniel E. Lynch, Richmond (Williams, Butler & Pierce, on brief), for appellants.

George T. Albiston, Norfolk (Breit, Drescher & Breit, on brief), for appellee.

Before BAKER, BARROW and BENTON, JJ.

BENTON, Judge.

Food Lion, Inc., appeals from a decision reinstating compensation benefits to Robert J. Lee.Food Lion contends that the commission erred (1) in implicitly affirming the deputy commissioner's finding that Food Lion's offer of light duty employment to Lee was not bona fide and was not made in good faith, and (2) in finding that Lee's refusal of light duty employment was justified.We affirm the commission's award.

I.

The evidence proved that Lee was injured in a work-related injury in 1988 while employed with Food Lion.Upon the advice of his physicians, Lee moved to Florida for health reasons in June, 1990.Food Lion provided rehabilitation counseling services to Lee in Florida.Lee, however, was unable to find employment.Lee was forced to return to Chesapeake, Virginia in December, 1990, when the tenants who leased his home defaulted on their payments.When Lee returned to Virginia, his mortgage payments were delinquent and he sought to forestall foreclosure.However, Lee received a foreclosure notice in April, 1991, requiring him to vacate the house by June, 1991.

In April, 1991, Lee began discussing his financial problems and the foreclosure of his home with Ramanee Miller, the rehabilitation counselor employed by Food Lion's insurer to assist Lee.Lee informed Miller that because of his financial distress he needed to move either to Pennsylvania or North Carolina, places where he had family.Miller told Lee that he should select an area where Food Lion stores were located.Miller also advised Lee to discuss his move with Food Lion.Lee testified that Miller told him that she would relay to the insurance company the information concerning Lee's plans to move.Miller testified, however, that she informed Lee that he would need to contact the insurance company directly and inform them that he wanted to transfer.

In June, 1991, Lee decided to move to Holden Beach, North Carolina, where there were fourteen Food Lion stores within a thirty mile radius.Lee went to one of the Food Lion stores in Holden Beach and discussed with the store manager the possibility of performing the light duty employment that Food Lion was designing for him.Lee testified that the store in Holden Beach was similar to the store in Chesapeake and that the store manager expressed no objection to providing Lee selective employment in that store.

On July 27, 1991, Lee was offered light duty employment at a Food Lion store in Chesapeake, Virginia, to begin on August 5, 1991.Four days after he received the offer, Lee informed Food Lion's insurer of his impending move to Holden Beach, North Carolina and that he would not be able to accept their offer of employment in Chesapeake, Virginia.Lee indicated that he would be willing to perform the same position at a store in Holden Beach, North Carolina.Miller testified that the job offered to Lee could be performed in any Food Lion store, provided the job was offered to him.Food Lion paid Lee compensation through August 5, 1991, and filed an application for a hearing in which it alleged that Lee refused light duty work.

On this evidence, the deputy commissioner held that Food Lion's offer of employment was not bona fide and was not made in good faith and, further, that Lee had not unjustifiably refused the offer.On appeal, the commission did not address whether Food Lion acted in good faith or made a bona fide offer but, instead, held that Lee was justified in refusing the offer of selective employment.

II.

Code§ 65.2-510 was enacted by the legislature to encourage employers to procure employment suitable to partially incapacitated employees.Big D Quality Homebuilders v. Hamilton, 228 Va. 378, 381, 322 S.E.2d 839, 841(1984).When the employer establishes that selective employment was offered to an employee that was within the employee's capacity to work, the employee bears the burden of establishing justification for refusing the offered employment.American Furniture Co. v. Doane, 230 Va. 39, 42, 334 S.E.2d 548, 550(1985).Justification is not limited to a consideration of whether the employer offered the...