Franklin v. Com., Record No. 3028-97-3.

• Decision Date: 29 December 1998
• Docket Number: Record No. 3028-97-3.
• Citation: 28 Va. App. 719,508 S.E.2d 362
• Parties: Donny Lewis FRANKLIN, Jr. v. COMMONWEALTH of Virginia.
• Court: Virginia Court of Appeals

508 S.E.2d 362

28 Va. App. 719

Donny Lewis FRANKLIN, Jr. v. COMMONWEALTH of Virginia.

Record No. 3028-97-3.

Court of Appeals of Virginia, Salem.

December 29, 1998.

(Paul F. Fantl; Office of the Public Defender, on brief), for appellant. Appellant submitting on brief.

H. Elizabeth Shaffer, Assistant Attorney General (Mark L. Earley, Attorney General; Ruth Ann Morken, Assistant Attorney General, on brief), for appellee.

Present: FITZPATRICK, C.J., and WILLIS and BUMGARDNER, JJ.

WILLIS, Judge.

On appeal from his conviction in a bench trial for statutory burglary with intent to commit assault, in violation of Code § 18.2-91, Donny Lewis Franklin, Jr., contends that the evidence fails to prove his entry into the subject premises and, thus, is insufficient to sustain his conviction. We disagree and affirm the judgment of the trial court.

On appeal, we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the Commonwealth, granting to it all reasonable inferences fairly deducible therefrom. See Higginbotham v. Commonwealth, 216 Va. 349, 352, 218 S.E.2d 534, 537 (1975). The judgment of the trial court sitting without a jury will not be set aside unless plainly wrong or without evidence to support it. Martin v. Commonwealth, 4 Va.App. 438, 443, 358 S.E.2d 415, 418 (1987).

During the evening of June 30, 1997, Franklin went to the home of Lashane Turner, his former girlfriend and the mother of his two children. Franklin pounded on the door and threatened to kill Turner when she refused to admit him. She moved a couch in front of the door. However, Franklin managed to break the lock and splinter the door, and inserted his arm and shoulder through the opening into Turner's apartment. Turner's neighbor, Lisa Parker, called the police. When a security guard arrived, Franklin fled.

If any person [in the nighttime enters without breaking or in the daytime breaks and enters] with intent to commit assault and battery, he shall be guilty of statutory burglary....

Code § 18.2-91. Franklin contends that because the statute provides no definition of "entry," it should be read to require entry of the entire person. He argues that because only his arm and shoulder entered Turner's apartment, the evidence fails to support his conviction. We do not interpret the statute thus.

This case raises an issue of first impression. No previous Virginia case addresses directly what constitutes a burglarious entry. However,

[t]he common law of England, insofar as it is not repugnant

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