Goodwill v. Goodwill

• Decision Date: 22 November 1978
• Docket Number: No. 2-476A133,2-476A133
• Citation: 382 N.E.2d 720,178 Ind.App. 372
• Parties: George R. GOODWILL, Appellant (Petitioner below), v. Imogene E. GOODWILL, Appellee (Respondent below).
• Court: Indiana Appellate Court

Page 720

382 N.E.2d 720

178 Ind.App. 372

George R. GOODWILL, Appellant (Petitioner below), v. Imogene E. GOODWILL, Appellee (Respondent below).

No. 2-476A133.

Court of Appeals of Indiana, In Banc.

Nov. 22, 1978.

Tommy L. Strunk, Indianapolis, for appellant.

Russel White, William L. Schlosser, Schlosser, White & Schlosser, Indianapolis, for appellee.

SULLIVAN, Judge.

Petitioner-appellant George Goodwill appeals from the denial of his motion to correct errors filed pursuant to a decree dissolving his marriage with Imogene Goodwill. ¹ The sole issue upon appeal is whether the trial court erred in awarding a judgment of $6,000.00 to the Wife and in making said judgment a lien upon Husband's pension fund.

Husband's Petition for Dissolution of Marriage was granted on November 12, 1975. The marital assets and responsibilities for debts were apportioned as follows: The Husband received real estate with an appraised value of $21,150.00 and a 1966 Pontiac, the value of which was not established. The Husband also incurred responsibility for $21,352.50 in debts consisting of a $20,452.50 balance on mortgages on the real estate and a $900.00 installment loan. The Wife was given the choice of household furniture worth $1,500.00 and was awarded a $6,000.00 "alimony judgment" which was made a lien upon Husband's Railroad Retirement Pension. The net value of the marital assets, without regard to the pension, was the value of the 1966 Pontiac minus the $602.00 representing the deficit of debts over and above the value of the real estate and furniture.

The Husband contends that the $6,000.00 judgment to the Wife constituted an abuse of discretion in that the award exceeded the value of the marital assets available for distribution. We agree.

The trial court erroneously described the award as an "alimony judgment". Alimony is no longer recognized under Indiana law. See Johnson v. Johnson (2d Dist. 1977) Ind.App., 367 N.E.2d 1147. It is readily apparent that the award was an attempted property division since the trial court denominated it a "Property Settlement" and since the judgment calls for payment in gross rather than in payments of an indefinite duration. Although there is evidence of the Wife's inability to earn a living, the trial court made no finding of incapacity nor did it designate the award as maintenance. Compare Farthing v. Farthing, No. 2-676 A 244 (2d Dist. November 21, 1978). Thus, the $6,000.00 judgment bears scrutiny as a method of property division and may be validated only if the Husband's pension plan constitutes a divisible marital asset under I.C. 31-1-11.5-11 (Burns Code Ed.Supp.1978).

The Husband, 55 years old at the time of trial, testified that, under the Railroad Retirement Act, he could elect to retire at age 60 and receive 80% Of the full pension or retire at age 65 and receive the fully-matured benefits. There is no evidence indicating that benefits would result should the Husband either retire before or fail to survive until his 60th year.

In Savage v. Savage (1st Dist. 1978) Ind.App., 374 N.E.2d 536, the trial court also awarded to the wife a portion of the husband's monthly pension payments. In Savage, unlike here, the husband had already retired and was receiving periodic payments which would apparently continue as long as he survived. The award was reversed, and the Court in doing so stated, concerning I.C. 31-1-11.5-11:

" . . . (T)he statute lists five factors which the trial court must consider when dividing marital property. However, no guidance is given as to precisely what constitutes 'property' within the meaning of the statute. This court was faced with just such a problem in the recent case of Wilcox v. Wilcox (1977), Ind.App., 365 N.E.2d 792. In Wilcox, the wife argued that in dividing the marital assets, the trial court should have included, as one of the marital assets subject to division, the future income of the husband discounted to present value. She argued that her husband's future income as a college professor was attributable to the marriage and was therefore divisible as a marital asset. Her argument was answered by this court as follows: 'When determining what is to be divided, there is nothing in the statute which lends itself to the interpretation that future income is "property" and therefore divisible. It appears that a vested present interest must exist for the item to come within the ambit of "marital assets". We cannot say that Gerald has a vested present interest in his future earnings and the legislature cannot be said to have considered it as such. . . . ' " 374 N.E.2d at 538.

"We feel that the reasoning expressed in Wilcox must control the property...