Grund v. Del. Charter Guarantee & Trust Co. D/B/A Principal Trust Co.

Decision Date26 May 2011
Docket NumberNo. 09 Civ. 8025.,09 Civ. 8025.
CourtU.S. District Court — Southern District of New York
PartiesRobert GRUND, Susan Grund, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs,v.DELAWARE CHARTER GUARANTEE & TRUST COMPANY d/b/a Principal Trust Company, and Principal Financial Group, Inc., Defendants.

OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE

Lovell Stewart Halebian Jacobson LLP, by: Christopher Lovell, Esq., Zamansky & Associates LLC, by: Jacob H. Zamansky, Esq., New York, NY, for Plaintiffs.Sidley Austin LLP, by: Joel S. Feldman, Esq., New York, NY, for Defendants.

OPINION

SWEET, District Judge.

Defendants Principal Financial Group, Inc. (Principal Financial) and Delaware Charter Guarantee & Trust Company d/b/a Principal Trust Company (Principal Trust) (collectively, the Defendants) have moved pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) to dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint (“CAC”) filed by Plaintiffs Robert Grund, Susan Grund, Jeffrey Golden, Victoria Golden, Stephanos Papademetriou, Vaciliki Papademetriou, and Eleni Papademetriou (Plaintiffs), Upon the conclusions set forth below, the motion is granted in part and denied in part.

The Plaintiffs and the Defendants entered into Self–Directed Individual Retirement Trust Agreements (SIRTA) to establish traditional individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”). The Plaintiffs directed investment in the Westgate Fund which proved to be a Ponzi scheme operated by James Nicholson (“Nicholson”), At issue is the adequacy of the twenty-six claims set forth in the CAC, alleging breach of contract, negligence, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and violations of ERISA duties in its 229 paragraphs.

I. Prior Proceedings

The Plaintiffs filed their putative class action complaint on September 18, 2009 alleging breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting a breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract, unjust enrichment, negligence, and conversion. The Defendants moved to dismiss the complaint, and on April 16, 2010 the Plaintiffs filed the CAC, The instant motion of the Defendants to dismiss the CAC was heard and marked fully submitted on December 8, 2010.

The CAC alleges twenty-six claims for relief as follows:

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                ¦                               ¦Breach of Contract under Federal Law and     ¦
                ¦First Claim for Relief         ¦Breach of Federally Imposed Duties to Hold   ¦
                ¦                               ¦Assets and Not Commingle. (CAC ¶¶ 119–132.)  ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Second                         ¦Ordinary and Gross Negligence under Federal  ¦
                ¦                               ¦Law. (CAC ¶¶ 133–138.)                       ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦Breach of Fiduciary Duty under Federal Law   ¦
                ¦Third                          ¦and Breach of Fiduciary Duties Imposed by    ¦
                ¦                               ¦Federal Law. (CAC ¶¶ 139–143.)               ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Fourth                         ¦Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under      ¦
                ¦                               ¦Federal Law. (CAC 11 144–145.)               ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Fifth                          ¦Breach of Contract to Hold Assets and Not    ¦
                ¦                               ¦Commingle under State Law. (CAC ¶¶ 146–148.) ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Sixth                          ¦Ordinary and Gross Negligence under State    ¦
                ¦                               ¦Law. (CAC ¶¶ 149–151.)                       ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Seventh                        ¦Breach of Fiduciary Duty under State Law.    ¦
                ¦                               ¦(CAC ¶¶ 152–154.)                            ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Eighth                         ¦Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under State¦
                ¦                               ¦Law. (CAC ¶¶ 155–156.)                       ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦Ordinary and Gross Negligence under State Law¦
                ¦Ninth                          ¦(Failure to Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶     ¦
                ¦                               ¦157–159.)                                    ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Tenth                          ¦Breach of Fiduciary Duty under State Law.    ¦
                ¦                               ¦(CAC ¶¶ 160–162.)                            ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦                               ¦                                             ¦
                +-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------¦
                ¦Eleventh                       ¦Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under State¦
                ¦                               ¦Law. (CAC ¶¶ 153–165)                        ¦
                +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                
                Twelfth                          Breach of Contract to Provide Accurate Annual
                                                 Accounting under State Law. (CAC ¶¶ 166–169.)
                                                 Ordinary and Gross Negligence under State Law
                Thirteenth                       (Failure to Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶
                                                 170–172.)
                Fourteenth                       Breach of Fiduciary Duty under State Law. (CAC
                                                 ¶¶ 173–175.)
                Fifteenth                        Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under State
                                                 Law, (CAC ¶¶ 176–178.)
                Sixteenth                        Breach of Contract under Federal law. (CAC ¶¶
                                                 179–188.)
                                                 Ordinary and Gross Negligence under Federal
                Seventeenth                      Law (Failure to Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶
                                                 189–192.)
                                                 Breach of Fiduciary Duty under Federal Law
                Eighteenth                       (Failure to Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶
                                                 193–196.)
                Nineteenth                       Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under
                                                 Federal Law. (CAC ¶¶ 197–198.)
                Twentieth                        Breach of Contract under State Law (Failure to
                                                 Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶ 199–201.)
                                                 Ordinary and Gross Negligence under State Law
                Twenty–First                     (Failure to Furnish Statements). (CAC ¶¶
                                                 202–204.)
                Twenty–Second                    Breach of Fiduciary Duty under State Law. (CAC
                                                 ¶¶ 205–207.)
                Twenty–Third                     Unjust Enrichment and Restitution under State
                                                 Law. (CAC ¶¶ 208–210.)
                                                 Implied Right of Action under Federal Law
                Twenty–Fourth                    Including Section 408 of the Internal Revenue
                                                 Code. (CAC ¶ 211–216.)
                Twenty–Fifth                     Breach of Fiduciary Duty under ERISA. (CAC ¶¶
                                                 217–223.)
                Twenty–Sixth                     Failure to Disclose under ERISA (29 USC §
                                                 1132). (CAC ¶¶ 224–229.)
                

According to the CAC, the Plaintiffs entered into a standardized form contract for a self-directed IRA that was drafted by Defendants, which in turn was copied in part from a federal form contract created by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). See IRS Form 5305A; CAC ¶¶ 48–50. The form, as promulgated by the IRS, sets forth a number of provisions which must be included to create a valid “Traditional Individual Retirement Custodial Account” under § 408 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). CAC ¶ 48. Under IRC § 408, the custodian/trustee has a duty to acquire and hold particular investments; to keep custody of investments; to refrain from commingling the investments of each account with any other property; to deposit assets of accounts requiring safekeeping in an adequate vault; to determine the assets held by it in trust and the value of such assets at least once in...

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