Haggard v. State of Tennessee

• Decision Date: 10 February 1970
• Docket Number: No. 19487.,19487.
• Parties: William H. HAGGARD, Petitioner-Appellant, v. STATE OF TENNESSEE and Honorable Joseph D. Duncan, Judge, Knox County Criminal Court, Knoxville, Tennessee, Respondents-Appellees.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Sixth Circuit

421 F.2d 1384 (1970)

William H. HAGGARD, Petitioner-Appellant, v. STATE OF TENNESSEE and Honorable Joseph D. Duncan, Judge, Knox County Criminal Court, Knoxville, Tennessee, Respondents-Appellees.

No. 19487.

United States Court of Appeals Sixth Circuit.

February 10, 1970.

William H. Haggard, pro se.

Elmer D. Davies, Jr., Asst. Atty. Gen., State of Tenn., Nashville, Tenn., on brief, for appellees, David M. Pack, Atty. Gen., and Reporter, State of Tenn., of counsel.

Before WEICK, Circuit Judge, and McALLISTER and O'SULLIVAN, Senior Circuit Judges.

WEICK, Circuit Judge.

Appellant, an inmate of the Tennessee State Penitentiary in Nashville, Tennessee, appeals from an order entered by the District Court denying his petition for a writ of mandamus. The petition sought an order of the District Court commanding a state criminal court judge to furnish him with copies of "court records, legal documents, etc." pertaining to one of his convictions which formed the basis for his conviction as an habitual criminal.

In 1951, appellant was convicted in the Criminal Court of Knox County, Tennessee, of the crime of burglary, and of being an habitual criminal. He was sentenced to life imprisonment. The Supreme Court of Tennessee affirmed his conviction and sentence.

Appellant asserts that one of the three prior state court convictions used to enhance his punishment is void because he was an indigent and did not have the assistance of counsel. He relies on Burgett v. Texas, 389 U.S. 109, 88 S.Ct. 258, 19 L.Ed.2d 319 (1967). Appellant's contention is that he needs the state court records to enable him to prepare a petition for a writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2241.

The writ of mandamus as such has been abolished by Rule 81(b), Fed. R.Civ.P. However, under 28 U.S.C. § 1651 (All Writs Statute) federal courts may issue all writs necessary or appropriate in aid of their respective jurisdictions, including writs in the nature of mandamus. Findley v. Chandler, 377 F. 2d 548 (9th Cir.1967); Booker v. Arkansas, 380 F.2d 240 (8th Cir.1967); Youngblood v. United States, 141 F.2d 912 (6th Cir.1944); Newark Morning Ledger Co. v. Republican Co., 188 F. Supp. 813 (D.Mass.1960). See 7 Moore's Federal Practice § 81.07.

Such relief may be granted only in instances where, before adoption of Rule 81(b), the remedy of mandamus would have been available. Petrowski v. Nutt, 161 F.2d 938 (9th Cir.1947), cert. denied, 333 U.S. 842, 68 S.Ct. 659, 92 L. Ed. 1126 (1948); Newark Morning Ledger Co. v. Republican Co., supra; Deglau v. Franke, 184 F.Supp. 225 (D. R.I.1960).

It is settled that a federal court has no general jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus where that is the only relief sought. In the absence of special statutory authority it can issue writs of mandamus only as ancillary to and in aid of jurisdiction otherwise vested in it. Hertz v. Record Publishing Co., 219 F.2d 397 (3d Cir.1955), cert. denied, 349 U.S. 912, 75 S.Ct. 601, 99 L.Ed. 1247 (1955).

In any event, federal courts have no authority to issue writs of mandamus to direct state courts or their judicial officers in the performance of their duties. Clark v. Washington, 366 F.2d 678 (9th Cir.1966); Campbell v. Washington State Bar Ass'n, 263 F.Supp. 991 (W.D. Wash.1967).

If we treat this action for mandamus as one for habeas corpus, Rayborn v. Jones, 282 F.2d 410 (6th Cir. 1960), we are met with the statutory condition that a person in custody pursuant to a judgment of a state court must first exhaust the remedies available to him in the courts of the state before resorting to the federal courts for relief. 28 U.S.C....