Harrelson v. Whitehead

• Decision Date: 25 March 1963
• Docket Number: No. 5-2932,5-2932
• Citation: Harrelson v. Whitehead, 365 S.W.2d 868, 236 Ark. 325 (Ark. 1963)
• Parties: Jesse HARRELSON, as father and next friend of Wayne Harrelson, a minor, and Jesse Harrelson, individually, Appellants, v. Nathan A. WHITEHEAD, Appellee.
• Court: Arkansas Supreme Court

Page 868

365 S.W.2d 868

236 Ark. 325

Jesse HARRELSON, as father and next friend of Wayne Harrelson, a minor, and Jesse Harrelson individually, Appellants, v. Nathan A. WHITEHEAD, Appellee.

No. 5-2932.

Supreme Court of Arkansas.

March 25, 1963.

Mehaffy, Smith & Williams, by William H. Sutton, Little Rock, for appellants.

Cockrill, Laser, McGehee & Sharp, Little Rock, for appellee.

WARD, Justice.

While Wayne Harrelson, age 15, was riding a motorcycle on Wright Avenue in Little Rock he collided with the automobile driven by appellee, Nathan A. Whitehead. The collision occurred about 7:30 p. m. Suit filed by Wayne's father, in his own right and next friend of Wayne, resulted in a jury verdict in favor of the defendant, Nathan A. Whitehead.

On appeal, appellant relies only on alleged errors in the instructions. It is contended by appellant that the court erred in refusing to tell the jury (in effect) that: (a) Wayne (being a minor) should not be held to the same standard of care for his own safety as if he had been an adult; and (b) appellee owed Wayne a higher degree of care than he would have owed him had Wayne been an adult. There was a third assignment of error but, in view of the disposition hereafter made of the other two, there is no need to discuss it.

(a) Because appellee charged Wayne with contributory negligence appellant requested the court to instruct the jury that he should 'not be held to the same standard of care for his own safety as a person of adult age * * *.' Appellant cites the following decisions to substantiate this request: St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Railway Company v. Sparks, 81 Ark. 187, 99 S.W. 73; Garrison v. St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Railway Company, 92 Ark. 437, 123 S.W. 657; St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company v. Adams, 98 Ark. 222, 135 S.W. 814; Nashville Lumber Company v. Busbee, 100 Ark. 76, 139 S.W. 301, 38 L.R.A.,N.S., 754; and, Kansas City Southern Railway Company v. Teater, 124 Ark. 1, 186 S.W. 294. In the Sparks case supra, we said:

'It has been frequently held that a child is not required to exercise the same capacity of self-preservation and the same prudence that an adult should exercise under like circumstances.'

It is out opinion, however, that the above decisions are not in point, because none of them involve a minor who was riding a motorcycle or driving a vehicle on the public highway. In fact, it appears that the exact issue here raised is one of first impression in this state and that it has seldom been raised in other jurisdictions. There is a statement in 77 A.L.R. 930 relative to the care imposed by law on a minor in a case of this kind, which reads:

'It is believed that in many cases, especially those involving negligence or contributory negligence in the operation of motor vehicles, the point goes by default, all concerned acting under the assumption that an adult standard applies.'

We agree with the above mentioned assumption as being both sound and reasonable. A casual review of our statutes pertaining to safety on the highways discloses that no distinction, expressed or implied, is made between the degree of care to be exercised by a minor and an adult. Note the following sections in Ark.Stats.: § 75-302 defines a 'vehicle' as any device not moved by human power; defines a 'motor vehicle' as a vehicle self-propelled; § 75-303 defines a 'person' as every natural person * * *; § 75-601 says no 'person' shall drive a 'vehicle' on a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent * * *; §§ 75-604 and 75-605 say no 'person' shall drive in such and such a manner; and, §§ 75-609 and 75-610 refer to what a 'driver' of a vehicle shall or shall not do. In none of these statutes is any distinction made between a minor and an adult.

As regards safety to the traveling public we see no valid distinction between a vehicle driven by a minor and one driven by an inexperienced or reckless adult. As to the duty imposed on the latter, this Court, in Hughey v. Lennox, 142 Ark. 593, 219 S.W. 323, had this to say:

'An unskilled or inexperienced driver is not to be excused from liability for injuries inflicted because of his inexperience and unskillfulness. On the contrary, he should not frequent places where injury is liable to result from inexperience or unskillfulness in handling a car. When a person operates an automobile along a public hihway frequented by other travelers, he assumes the responsibility for injuries resulting from his own unskillfulness in the operation of the car.'

Courts of other jurisdictions which have considered the issue here presented have consistently held minors to the same degree of care as adults in driving on the highways. In Wilson v. Shumate...