Hester v. Ridings

• Court: Alabama Court of Civil Appeals
• Writing for the Court: WRIGHT
• Citation: Hester v. Ridings, 388 So.2d 1218 (Ala. Civ. App. 1980)
• Decision Date: 17 September 1980
• Parties: Hugh HESTER d/b/a Antique Furniture Reproductions et al. v. Joe H. RIDINGS. Civ. 2314.

Page 1218

388 So.2d 1218

Hugh HESTER d/b/a Antique Furniture Reproductions et al. v. Joe H. RIDINGS.

Civ. 2314.

Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama.

Sept. 17, 1980.

H. Neil Taylor, Russellville, for appellants.

Luke E. Alexander of Guin, Bouldin, Porch, Maddox & Alexander, Russellville, for appellee.

WRIGHT, Presiding Judge.

This is a workmen's compensation case.

The trial court, sitting without a jury, awarded plaintiff benefits for temporary total disability and ten percent permanent partial disability. The court additionally found that these recoverable amounts should be doubled pursuant to § 25-5-8(e), Code of Alabama (1975). The defendant appeals from the judgment. We affirm.

The defendant first contends that the evidence at trial was insufficient to support a finding of ten percent permanent partial disability. In a workmen's compensation case we do not review the weight or preponderance of the evidence but concern ourselves only with the existence of legal evidence to support the trial court's findings. Fairfax Manufacturing Co. v. Bragg, 342 So.2d 17 (Ala.Civ.App.1977); Defense Ordinance Corp. v. England, 52 Ala.App. 565, 295 So.2d 419 (1974). The evidence relevant to our determination of this issue reveals the following:

Plaintiff suffered a broken left femur (large upper leg bone) when a forklift he was riding overturned. Surgery was required. A heavy metal plate, some eight to ten inches in length was attached to the broken bone by eight metal screws around the fracture site. The plaintiff suffered severe pain in and around the area where the plate was installed. He was referred to several doctors in an attempt to determine the cause of and to arrest the severe pain. The plate was removed after eight months; the plaintiff stayed on crutches for about ten months; and the visits to these doctors continued for some fourteen months. The testimony of two of the doctors was received in evidence. One physician, Dr. Palmer, testified that plaintiff still had a disability upon discharge from his care although it was "very small." Another, Dr. Rose, testified as to his final examination, some fourteen months after the injury, in the following exchange:

Q: Okay could you give us a percentage if any of bodily injury or impairment on that January 2, '79 visit?

A: I have to sort of qualify anything I say because again there was little physical findings to base a percentage of disability on. Joe continued to have pain which he considered severe enough to keep him from doing his usual work. I don't think anyone who has seen Joe has doubted the fact he has pain although pain is a subjective kind of thing we all believe he does have pain. His pain is real and probably does interfere with his functioning. If I had to put a percentage I would say probably it would be much less than 10% maybe 5% or less mainly because I think there are probably a few things he might do that would aggravate his pain and I think he would have to exclude those jobs or that part of a job ... that might exacerbate his pain, a lot of standing or something like that.

The plaintiff also testified, stating that the pain had persisted and that he still walked with a slight limp and was unable to perform the same type of activities as prior to the injury.

As can be seen from all the above which was presented at trial, there was more than sufficient legal evidence to support the findings of the trial court as to permanent partial disability. This court has previously held that the determination of the proper percentage of permanent partial disability rests with the trial court. Jones v. City of Huntsville, 55 Ala.App. 439, 316 So.2d 689 (1975). The trial judge has the opportunity to observe the demeanor of the witnesses, including the injured claimant, in the courtroom. Expert medical opinion as to the extent and permanency of disability is not conclusive upon the judge. Carroll Construction Co., Inc. v. Hutcheson, 347 So.2d 527 (Ala.Civ.App.1977). We cannot say that the evidence here does not support the trial court's finding of ten percent permanent partial disability. No error exists in this regard.

The defendant next challenges the trial court's award of double compensation pursuant to § 25-5-8(e). Defendant claims this section is unconstitutional and violative of Ala. Const. art. 1, §§ 6 and 10 and the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment to the United States Constitution.

Section 25-5-8(e), as pertinent, provides the following:

Any employer required to secure the payment of compensation under this section who fails to secure such compensation shall be liable for two times the amount of compensation which would have otherwise been payable for injury or death to an employee.

Defendant's primary contention is that such a double compensation penalty deprives him of his property in violation of due process. He fails to cite any authority. This provision has not been previously tested on due process grounds. However, many similar penalties imposed by our statutes have withstood due process attacks. 4A Ala.Dig., Constitutional Law, Key No. 303. In Smith v. Flynn, 275 Ala. 392, 155 So.2d...