Holland v. Crummer Corp., 4409

• Decision Date: 17 January 1962
• Docket Number: No. 4409,4409
• Parties: L. J. HOLLAND, Appellant, v. The CRUMMER CORPORATION, a Nevada Corporation, and R. E. Crummer, Respondents.
• Court: Nevada Supreme Court

Page 63

368 P.2d 63

78 Nev. 1

L. J. HOLLAND, Appellant, v. The CRUMMER CORPORATION, a Nevada Corporation, and R. E Crummer, Respondents.

No. 4409.

Supreme Court of Nevada.

Jan. 17, 1962.

Goldwater, Taber & Hill, W. Howard Gray, Reno, for appellant.

Grubic, Drendel & Bradley, Reno, for respondent.

McNAMEE, Justice.

On November 18, 1957 appellant Holland as first party entered into a written agreement with one Beeler as second party, hereinafter referred as the 'exchange agreement,' wherein appellant agreed to transfer to Beeler shares of stock in three corporations, together with all of the assets of said corporations including the Holland Ranch consisting of 45,000 acres of land and all livestock on said ranch. The agreement recited that there '[are] 9300 head of cattle consisting of at least 4500 cows, 800 two-year old heifers, 800 yearling heifers, 205 bulls and 2000 mixed calves,' and then contained a warranty in the following words 'First Party warranting that there are a minimum of 8,000 head of cattle and at least 6,362 one to five year old ewes and bucks.'

The purchase price for the property was in part the Bellevue-Staten Apartment House in Oakland, California, and also $550,000, of which $100,000 was to be paid upon the execution of the agreement by second party.

The exchange agreement further provided that respondent Crummer 'shall approve and accept this agreement, so that he may enter into a further agreement with Charles W. Beeler and become a second party hereto,' and 'as soon as either party signs this agreement it shall constitute an offer which must be accepted or rejected by the other party within 24 hours thereafter.'

The agreement also provided that the parties deliver to a title company in Oakland, California, escrow instructions, the escrow to be a regular 30-day escrow 'which may be continued for an additional 30 days if necessary so that second party may, prior to the close of escrow satisfy themselves as to the warranty on the number of livestock.'

The exchange agreement was signed by Holland as first party and Beeler as second party and 'approved and accepted as such' by Crummer.

The evidence shows that immediately after Crummer signed the agreement on November 18, 1957 he entered into a joint enterprise agreement with Beeler, and Crummer made the $100,000 down payment required by the exchange agreement; that after the execution of the exchange agreement, Beeler was unable to convey as part of the purchase price the Bellevue-Staten property. Crummer then wished to withdraw from the exchange agreement, but Holland advised him that he was bound thereto and would subject himself to a suit for specific performance of the exchange agreement if he did not perform. There-upon negotiations were had between all three parties resulting in a release agreement dated December 13, 1957, which provided that Holland and Beeler mutually released each other from all terms of the exchange agreement and then went on to state: 'In other words, neither Mr. Holland nor Mr. Beeler are required to perform under this contract.' Following the signatures of Holland and Beeler to this release, the following appears: 'The above instrument is approved by the undersigned. [Signed] R. E. Crummer'

Possession of the ranch was delivered to Crummer and he employed Holland as general manager. No escrow was ever set up under the exchange agreement. Although one Bankofier had orally reported to Beeler the result of his investigation as to the number of cattle on the ranch no proper count of the cattle was completed until December of 1958, at which time it was ascertained that there were approximately 5,000 head of cattle on the ranch as of November 18, 1957 rather than the warranted 8,000 head. Thereupon, the present suit was commenced by Crummer for a breach of the said warranty.

The lower court found that the warranty was made not only to Beeler but also to Crummer, that there was a breach thereof, and awarded Crummer money damages for such breach. Appellant does not complain of this finding that the warranty was made by the exchange agreement to both Beeler and Crummer. His chief assignment of error is that the trial court erred as a matter of law in holding that the exchange agreement had not been annulled by a novation whereby Crummer alone became the purchaser under a new, separate, and independent oral agreement which did not contain a warranty as to the number of cattle.

The release agreement of December 13, 1957 expressly removed Beeler as a party from the exchange agreement of November 18, 1957. There is no express provision relating to the removal of Crummer as a party however. These facts are conceded by all parties. Appellant contends however that because Crummer was a second party to the exchange agreement, his approval of the release agreement absolved appellant from any obligation owed to either Beeler or Crummer under the exchange agreement, and likewise released Crummer from the exchange agreement, thereby effecting an annulment of the exchange agreement; that the novation resulted from the subsequent oral agreement which changed the terms of the exchange agreement, particularly with respect to the parties and the consideration, and that no warranty was contained in the oral agreement. ¹ If there had in fact been a novation then counsel's contention that the exchange agreement was annulled as a matter of law would be correct. The trial court determined however from the evidence that no novation resulted from the release and the subsequent oral agreement between Holland and Crummer. This determination is found in the opinion of the trial court incorporated by reference in the formal findings of fact.

After reciting that Holland was informed on December 8, 1957 that Beeler was unable to convey title to the Bellevue-Staten Apartment House, the opinion then states:

'17. On 10 December, 1957, a meeting was held in Beverly Hills, California, for the purpose of working out a satisfactory manner of eliminating from the transaction Mr. Beeler and his Bellevue-Staten Apartment property.

'At that meeting the defendant (Holland) was represented by himself, Mr. Holland in person, and by his attorney Mr. Richard Levin of Chicago. The plaintiff (Crummer) was represented by Elmer Fox an accountant from Wichita, Kansas, and plaintiff's attorney from Reno, Nevada, William O. Bradley. The plaintiff's representatives suggested the deal be terminated by return of all consideration paid. The defendant and his attorney refused to consider such solution. Then the plaintiff's representatives suggested that the plaintiff (Crummer) would forfeit the $100,000.00 he had paid. This proposal was refused by the defendant and his attorney. Then the plaintiff's representatives suggested that a completely new contract be drawn and entered into between plaintiff (Crummer) and defendant (Holland). The defendant (Holland) and his attorney (Levin) rejected this proposal. The defendant (Holland) and his attorney (Levin) contended the Exchange Agreement was binding on the plaintiff (Crummer) and that some consideration in lieu of the Bellevue-Staten Apartment property could be agreed upon, but if that could not be done then Holland would sue...