Holly v. Preuss

• Decision Date: 27 May 1977
• Docket Number: No. 13450,13450
• Citation: 34 St.Rep. 445,172 Mont. 422,564 P.2d 1303
• Parties: Clayton HOLLY, Petitioner and Appellant, v. Vernon PREUSS, Sheriff of Carter County, Montana, Defendant and Respondent.
• Court: Montana Supreme Court

Page 1303

564 P.2d 1303

172 Mont. 422

Clayton HOLLY, Petitioner and Appellant, v. Vernon PREUSS, Sheriff of Carter County, Montana, Defendant and Respondent.

No. 13450.

Supreme Court of Montana.

Submitted March 14, 1977.

Decided May 27, 1977.

Harris, Jackson & Utick, David L. Jackson, argued, Helena, for petitioner and appellant.

L. H. James Anderson, Ekalaka, appeared, Lucas, Jardine & Monaghan, Thomas as M. Monaghan, argued, Miles City, for defendant and respondent.

HARRISON, Justice.

This is an appeal from the granting of a motion by the district court, Carter County, to quash a petition for a writ of mandamus. The petition sought a writ ordering Vernon Preuss, sheriff of Carter County, to reinstate Clayton Holly to his former position as undersheriff of Carter County.

In April 1975, Sheriff Pruess asked Undersheriff Holly to resign. The undersheriff rufused and asked for a written statement of the reasons for termination. The sheriff then fired the undersheriff. The undersheriff made another request for a written statement of cause for termination. This request was again refused. After the parties consulted with the county attorney and the county commissioners, the undersheriff agreed to abide by an informal written attorney general's opinion on this question:

'Whether an undersheriff, appointed to hold office during the pleasure of the sheriff, may be discharged from office without such cause as is enumerated in the Deputy Sheriff Tenure Act, section 16-3705(5), Revised Codes of Montana, 1947.'

The attorney general's opinion was:

'An undersheriff may be discharged from office without such cause as is enumerated in section 16-3705(5), R.C.M.1947.'

After seeking legal advice, the undersheriff decided the attorney general's opinion was in error and brought this action.

The only issue before the Court is the one present from the outset: Is an undersheriff a deputy sheriff for the purposes of section 16-3705, R.C.M.1947, and thus tenured and terminable only upon written notice and for cause.

For many purposes the two terms, deputy sheriff and undersheriff, are interchangeable. In his argument, the undersheriff cites Shirran v. Dallas, 21 Cal.App. 405, 132 P. 454 and Delfelder v. Teton Land & Investment Co., 46 Wyo. 142, 24 P.2d 702, which hold deputy sheriff and undersheriff are equivalent terms. These cases involve collateral attacks on a return of execution and a foreclosure sale. It is very likely the result reached in Shirran and Delfelder would be the same in Montana. As set out by statute, section 16-2703, R.C.M.1947, the holder of the Office of undersheriff '* * * has the same powers and duties as a deputy sheriff.'

There are differences between the two positions however. The undersheriff is paid more than a deputy sheriff, section 25-604, R.C.M.1947; he is required to fill any vacancy in the office of sheriff until a successor is elected and he is covered by the sheriff's bond, section 16-2704, R.C.M.1947.

The undersheriff urges that section 16-3701, R.C.M.1947, is pertinent here:

'* * * The whole number of deputies allowed the sheriff is one undersheriff, and in addition not to exceed the following number of deputies: * * *.'

He alleges it indicates the undersheriff is a deputy sheriff. The statute deals with the number of deputy employees allowed the county clerk, the clerk of court and the sheriff in various county classes and it does indicate the undersheriff is to be included as a deputy for the purpose of the statute, limiting the number of deputy employees. However, the statute makes a distinction between the undersheriff and the deputies by naming both, indicating there is a difference.

In the final analysis the issue here is whether by enacting section 16-3705 which gives tenure to deputy sheriffs, the legislature repealed by implication section 16-2703 which states:

'The sheriff, as soon as may be after he enters upon the duties of his office, must, except in counties of the seventh and eighth classes, appoint some person undersheriff to hold during the pleasure of the sheriff. Such undersheriff has the same powers and duties as a deputy sheriff.' (Emphasis supplied.)

In State ex rel. Charette v. District Court, 107 Mont. 489, 495, 86 P.2d 750, 753, the Court said:

'* * * Unless there is clearly and manifestly a conflict between the two Acts in question, the court will not declare that there is an implied repeal. Repeal by implication is not favored by this or any court, and every effort will be made by the courts to reconcile the Acts in question to avoid such repeal. * * *'

In State Aeronautics Comm. v. Bd. Exam., 121 Mont. 402, 417, 194 P.2d 633, 641, the Court stated:

"* * * it is a canon of statutory construction that a later statute general in its terms and not expressly repealing a prior special or specific statute, will be considered as not intended to affect the special or specific provisions of the earlier statute, unless the intention to effect the repeal is clearly manifested or unavoidably implied by the irreconcilability of the continued operation of both, or unless there is something in the general law or in the course of legislation upon its...