Horn v. Horn, Record No. 2654-97-3.

• Citation: 508 S.E.2d 347,28 Va. App. 688
• Decision Date: 22 December 1998
• Docket Number: Record No. 2654-97-3.
• Parties: Elsie Naomi Boyd (McKinney) HORN v. Clyde J. HORN.
• Court: Court of Appeals of Virginia

508 S.E.2d 347

28 Va. App. 688

Elsie Naomi Boyd (McKinney) HORN v. Clyde J. HORN.

Record No. 2654-97-3.

Court of Appeals of Virginia, Salem.

December 22, 1998.

Susan E.F. Henderson (Henderson & Fuda, on brief), Bluefield, for appellant.

Robert M. Galumbeck (Dudley, Galumbeck & Simmons, on brief), Bluefield, for appellee.

Present: FITZPATRICK, C.J., and COLEMAN and ELDER, JJ.

FITZPATRICK, Chief Judge.

Elsie Naomi Boyd (McKinney) Horn (wife) appeals the trial court's divorce and equitable distribution decree. Because this order is interlocutory in nature and thus not appealable, we dismiss the appeal.¹

I.

In its decree entered October 9, 1997, the trial court granted the parties a divorce. On the issue of the equitable distribution of the parties' business property, the court found as follows:

Dana Coal Company, Inc., although the stock in same was solely owned by [wife] at the time of the marriage of the parties, and remains solely owned by [wife] at this time, has been transmuted into marital property by the investment of marital funds, marital property and the personal efforts of the parties in the said company during the marriage. The Court finds that there remains no identifiable portion of the asset which may continue to be classified as separate property, as a result of the investment of marital funds, marital property and the personal efforts of the parties in the operation of the business since the marriage of the parties.

Accordingly, the trial court classified Dana Coal and the remaining businesses as marital property subject to equitable distribution and set the valuation date of the marital estate as the time of the parties' separation.

Although the trial court granted the divorce and determined the classification of property owned by the parties, it retained jurisdiction to value and distribute the various property.² The court found that:

[a]dditional evidence must be taken with regard to the value of the marital estate; and, further, this Court finds that matters currently pending before the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of Virginia, Abingdon Division, may affect the valuation of, individual ownership and distribution of such property, specifically as same relates to McHorn Construction Company, Inc. and Dana Coal Company, Inc.; and, that as a result of same, and upon motion of [husband], further matters concerning the equitable distribution of the marital estate, including valuation thereof and the manner in which the distribution of the estate shall be made, must be continued upon the docket of this Court because such action is clearly necessary and the Court will, therefore, retain jurisdiction concerning same.

Accordingly, the court ordered that the equitable distribution, value and manner of distribution "shall be determined at a later date for the reasons previously set forth, herein." The matter was continued on the docket of the trial court. No final valuation of the property or monetary award was entered.

II.

This Court has appellate jurisdiction over final decrees of a circuit court in domestic relations matters arising under Titles 16.1 or 20, and any interlocutory decree or order involving the granting, dissolving, or denying of an injunction or "adjudicating the principles of a cause." Code § 17.1-405(3)(f) and (4), recodifying § 17-116.05(3)(f) and (4). A final decree is one "which disposes of the whole subject, gives all the relief that is contemplated, and leaves nothing to be done by the court." Erikson v. Erikson, 19 Va. App. 389, 390, 451 S.E.2d 711, 712 (1994) (quotations omitted).

In the instant case, the decree is far from final. Only the first step in the equitable distribution scheme has been completed. The parties' property has been classified but has not been valued or divided and no monetary award has been made. The trial court specifically retained jurisdiction to consider further valuation and distribution of the marital property. The court acknowledged that the valuation of Dana Coal and McHorn Construction, two of the included assets, was dependent upon the outcome of a bankruptcy proceeding.

Unless the trial court's decree constituted an interlocutory decree that "adjudicates the principles of the cause," we do not have jurisdiction to consider an appeal of the equitable distribution of property.

An interlocutory decree adjudicates the principles of a cause where "`the rules or methods by which the rights of the parties are to be finally worked out have been so far determined that it is only necessary to apply those rules or methods to the facts of the case in order to ascertain the relative rights of the parties, with regard to the subject matter of the suit.'"

Moreno v. Moreno, 24 Va.App. 227, 231, 481 S.E.2d 482, 485 (1997) (quoting Pinkard v. Pinkard, 12 Va.App. 848, 851, 407 S.E.2d 339, 341 (1991) (quoting Lee v. Lee, 142 Va. 244, 252-53, 128 S.E. 524, 527 (1925))).

An interlocutory decree that adjudicates the principles of a cause is one which must "determine the rights of the parties" and "would of necessity affect the final order in the case."...