Hurd v. Williamsburg County, 3614.

Decision Date17 March 2003
Docket NumberNo. 3614.,3614.
Citation353 S.C. 596,579 S.E.2d 136
CourtSouth Carolina Court of Appeals
PartiesJack HURD, Respondent, v. WILLIAMSBURG COUNTY and Williamsburg County Transit Authority, Appellants.

Charles E. Carpenter, Jr. and S. Elizabeth Brosnan, of Columbia; Robin B. Lilley and Stephen Paul Bucher, of Charleston; for Appellants.

Ladson Fishburne Howell, Jr., and Richard G. Wern, of N. Charleston; Ronnie Alan Sabb, of Kingstree; for Respondent.

ANDERSON, J.:

Jack Hurd brought this tort action against Williamsburg County and Williamsburg County Transit Authority (collectively referred to as the "County"), alleging damages resulting from an automobile-pedestrian collision that occurred when he was struck by an automobile after exiting a bus. A jury trial was held and Hurd was awarded $675,000 in damages. The verdict was reduced under the mandate of the South Carolina Tort Claims Act. The County appeals. We affirm.

FACTS/PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

Hurd boarded the County's bus around 6 a.m. on February 1, 1996 to go to work in Myrtle Beach. The bus driver usually drove another route, but was substituting for the regular driver that day. The bus route starts in the Sand Ridge Community, travels through Highway 261 to Highway 24, comes down to Highway 41/51 at Mingo's crossing, then goes through Georgetown and Highway 17 to Myrtle Beach.

On the morning of the accident, the bus driver pulled off onto the shoulder of Highway 41, a two-lane road, after several passengers requested he stop there so that they could get breakfast across the road at Mingo's Store. The normal procedure was for the bus driver to stop further down at the "Park and Ride," which is located on the same side of the road as Mingo's Store. The "Park and Ride" was erected by the County to serve as a transfer station for riders because of the congestion in the Highway 41 area.

After several passengers alighted onto the shoulder, Hurd, who had been sleeping, awoke and asked the bus driver to let him off so that he could also go to Mingo's store. According to the bus driver, he informed Hurd he was going to the "Park and Ride" and that Hurd could disembark there and go to Mingo's. Hurd, however, requested to go with the other passengers.

Hurd exited and walked to the rear of the bus. At trial, he claimed he looked to the left and right and did not see any vehicles on the highway. He stated he began to cross the highway when the bus started to pull away and was at an angle so he could not see to his right. Hurd continued across the highway and was struck by a car coming from the opposite direction. Hurd asserted: "I tried to look around the day that I got hit and my view was blocked, that's why I go [sic] hit." Hurd sustained substantial injuries as a result of being hit.

Booker Pressley, a former director of the County's transit authority, testified that the "Park and Ride" on Highway 41 was built because of the traffic congestion in the area and concern about rider safety. Pressley contended that the transit authority had a policy that the drivers were to let the passengers off at the "Park and Ride." Pressley maintained he issued a written warning to the bus driver following the accident for failing to discharge the passengers at the "Park and Ride." At his deposition, published to the jury, he declared:

Q. After the establishment of the Park & Ride were the drivers advised that they weren't to use the shoulder of the road to discharge passengers anymore, that they were to use the Park & Ride?
A. We had meetings and the meetings were that every driver would meet down at Mingo's and get down there between the time of a quarter to seven and twenty minutes to seven so they could make their change of the bus. We also talked about you know, it was [sic] thing where we talk about everybody pulling up over there. When we went in there that was a woods area. We were able to get a whole side cleaned up to the store so the passengers wouldn't have to cross the road.
Q. Were the drivers told not to discharge the passengers on the side of the road after the Park & Ride was created?
A. I think every driver was told, and somehow I think they—now, if they was [sic] doing it I didn't know anything about it. Because I used to go down there quite a few times and monitor that because we have some sites in Williamsburg County that's creeping fast. What I mean is there's a lot of traffic and it comes in until you kind of, you know it shoots right up on you.
Q. You were monitoring this area to make sure the drivers weren't discharging passengers on the side of 41?
A. I monitored all areas, Myrtle Beach and all the areas.
....
Q. Is safety a consideration when letting a passenger off the bus?
A. Yes.
Q. In what way?
A. Well, again, just like I said Mingo's is one of those little areas that was congested and that's why we started. What we did was we started a Park & Ride site in the congested area first.
Q. Do you agree that the different discharge areas involve different risks?
A. Yes.
Q. And would you agree that some areas are safer than others?
A. Yes.
Q. Would you agree that the Park & Ride area established behind Mingo's store is a safer area to discharge passengers than on the side of the highway?
A. Yes.
....
Q. Do you have any knowledge about accident or fatalities occurring at that intersection?
A. Well, Mingo's when I first started the transit, they had a stop sign there. Since then I think they had a coupe [sic] of deaths from, not people with transit, but other just drivers. Now they have a blinking red light there. I don't know what has happened but that has always been one of those areas and by me living there I know it because it's an area that serves a lot of log trucks and trucks and if you're a driver a lot of times you see truck and you see one you don't know how many, or you don't how—you don't—strike that—you don't know what's behind it so that was one of the areas that I always had a lot of concern about and one of the reasons I said that I thought he was blessed so much. When we first went out there we started to—we used to let people off on the side and we was [sic] able to get that property to get over there.
Q. Was that a factor in getting the property, were you looking for a safer place to discharge people?
A. That was the right place. That was the place. That was the ideal place. People wanted to use the store and we wanted to have a place where we had a bus coming in from Hemmingway and we had a bus coming in from Morrisville and one coming in from Neesmith all coming in to the same port.
Q. My question was, did he violate a policy of the transit authority by discharging passengers on the side of Highway 41 rather than using the Park & Ride?
A. Well, I guess, like I said when we put up the site there was no question about it that the site was there for the use of getting us off the road. Because we didn't just put up a site we created a piece of land and went in there and cleaned up that woods between the store and the Park and Ride site, it's clean to that store. We brought it over there because we didn't want people crossing the road.

Dr. Robert Roberts, an expert in the field of traffic and pedestrian safety design, professed at trial that it was unreasonable for the bus driver to debus the passengers on the shoulder of the highway. Roberts opined that the "Park and Ride" was a safer place for the passengers to be let off the bus. The following exchange occurred:

Q. Go ahead and give [your opinion on whether or not the Park & Ride is a safety device] to me, please sir.
A. Yes, among other things. Park & Rides serve a multitude of functions. In other words where that's precisely what you do, you go park and get on the bus and ride, you have interchanges between busses; and they're located in such a way that you can make these transfers safely. Yes, that's a primary concern. When you say a safety device, the answer to that is yes, but it is also more than that.
Q. Based upon your review of the depositions and the other materials and our personal viewing of the scene, do you have an opinion as to why this traffic safety device of the Park & Ride was established?
A. Well it was established—this particular one?
Q. Yes, sir, this particular one.
A. Based on what I've seen it was for their safety. It is a place where you can get on and off the bus, transfer from bus to another, transfer from an automobile to a bus, or a bus to the automobile and do it safely and have a place to leave your vehicle and ride in the convenience of the bus to some particular bus you want to go. It's done safely, efficiently for everyone concerned.
....
Q. Is it your opinion that it would be unreasonable for the transit authority to drop off a passenger on the side of the road where there is no Park & Ride in place?
A. It is done, it could be done reasonable. But under the circumstances here I don't consider it reasonable, there is a much better alternative.
Q. What is the alternative?
A. The alternative is the Park & Ride which is just a few hundred feet away. You could stop, allow your passengers to get off the bus in perfect safety, no problems.
....
Q. Dr Roberts, explain to the jury under what circumstances it would be reasonable to drop a passenger off on the side of the road and under what circumstances it would be unreasonable to drop a passenger off on the side of the road.
A. Well you have to keep in mind that this is a rural area where your passengers are going to be getting on and off in rural circumstances. So basically what you want is a location where you can let the passengers off where hopefully you can get the bus completely off the traveled way and still have room for the passengers to get off without ending up in a ditch or something of this type. Then the bus can move off, allow the passengers, if they need to cross the roadway, a clear unobstructed view in either
...

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