Imbert Imports, Inc. v. United States
Decision Date | 10 September 1971 |
Docket Number | A.R.D. 294,Reap. No. R63/5025 and 13 others. |
Citation | 331 F. Supp. 1400 |
Parties | IMBERT IMPORTS, INC., et al., Appellants, v. The UNITED STATES, Appellee. |
Court | U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (CCPA) |
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Barnes, Richardson & Colburn, New York City (Norman C. Schwartz, David O. Elliott, New York City of counsel), for appellants.
L. Patrick Gray, III, Asst. Atty. Gen. (Glenn E. Harris, trial atty.), for appellee.
Before LANDIS, MALETZ and NEWMAN, Judges.
Plaintiffs below have filed this application for review seeking reversal of the decision and judgment of Watson, J. in Imbert Imports, Inc., et al. v. United States, 65 Cust.Ct. 697, 314 F.Supp. 784, R.D. 11718 (1970), wherein the trial judge upheld dumping duty appraisements on fourteen entries of portland gray cement1 exported by Fabrica Dominicana de Cemento C, por A. in the Dominican Republic during the period between October 25, 1962 and March 25, 1963, and entered at the port of San Juan, Puerto Rico. We affirm.
Section 201(a) of the Antidumping Act of 1921, as amended (19 U.S.C. § 160(a)).
Sec. 201. (a) Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury (hereinafter called the "Secretary") determines that a class or kind of foreign merchandise is being, or is likely to be, sold in the United States or elsewhere at less than its fair value, he shall so advise the United States Tariff Commission, and the said Commission shall determine within three months thereafter whether an industry in the United States is being or is likely to be injured, or is prevented from being established, by reason of the importation of such merchandise into the United States. The said Commission, after such investigation as it deems necessary, shall notify the Secretary of its determination, and, if that determination is in the affirmative, the Secretary shall make public a notice (hereinafter in this Act called a "finding") of his determination and the determination of the said Commission. * * *
Section 201(c) of the Antidumping Act of 1921, as amended (19 U.S.C. § 160 (c)).
(c) The Secretary, upon determining whether foreign merchandise is being, or is likely to be, sold in the United States at less than its fair value, and the United States Tariff Commission, upon making its determination under subsection (a) of this section, shall each publish such determination in the Federal Register, with a statement of the reasons therefor, whether such determination is in the affirmative or in the negative.
The "record" is entirely documentary and consists of certified copies of papers filed with the United States Tariff Commission during its investigation, and the Commission's "Determination of Likelihood of Injury" (TC Publication 87, April 19, 1963).
The "official record" before the Commission discloses that:
On January 21, 1963, the Commission was advised by the Acting Assistant Secretary of the Treasury that portland cement, other than white, nonstaining portland cement, from the Dominican Republic was being or was likely to be sold in the United States at less than fair value within the meaning of the Antidumping Act of 1921, as amended.2
On January 25, 1963 the Commission issued a notice that it had instituted an investigation pursuant to section 201(a) of the Antidumping Act "to determine whether an industry in the United States is being or is likely to be injured, or is prevented from being established, by reason of the importation of such merchandise into the United States". Such notice was published in the Federal Register. 28 F.R. 882.
On April 19, 1963, the Commission issued a determination (Chairman Dorfman dissenting) "that an industry in the United States is likely to be injured by reason of the importation of portland cement, other than white, nonstaining portland cement, from the Dominican Republic, sold at less than fair value within the meaning of the Antidumping Act, 1921, as amended".3 As required by section 201(c) of the Antidumping Act of 1921 (19 U.S.C. § 160(c)), the majority and minority determinations of the Commission were followed by a statement of reasons therefor. T.C. Publication 87, supra; 28 F.R. 4047.
The views stated by the majority of the Commission are quoted in extenso, and provide a helpful factual background:
Appellants' sole claim is that the Tariff Commission's "injury determination"4 is invalid. Such claim is advanced on the theory that in the absence of a valid injury determination by the Commission, there can be no valid dumping duty appraisement. Cf. United States v. Central Vermont Railway Co., 17 CCPA 166, T.D. 43474 (1929); United States v. Tower & Sons, 14 Ct.Cust.App. 421, T.D. 42058 (1927).
In support of their claim, appellants contend:
We shall consider appellants' contentions in the above order.
(1) Appellants' argument is, in essence, that the Commission substantially equated injury with sales at less than fair value; and consequently, the Commission's action is ultra vires or in excess of its delegated authority.5 We cannot agree.
The Act requires that the Commission shall determine "whether an industry in the United States is being or is likely to be injured * * * by reason of the importation of dumped merchandise". Emphasis added. Thus, the statute in effect mandates the Commission to focus upon dumped imports as a cause of injury or likelihood of injury to domestic industry. Consequently, we fail to understand appellants' position that the Commission exceeded its delegated authority by considering the factor of dumped imports. Especially in the present case, where the Commission was faced with recurring or renewed dumping of portland cement by the exporter, clearly the Commission would have failed in its statutory duty had it ignored that factor in determining whether a domestic industry was injured or was likely to be injured "by reason of" such dumping. Hence, while the presence of dumping may not be regarded by the Commission as ipso facto injurious to a domestic industry,6 such dumping nevertheless must be...
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