In re Am. Med. Sys., Inc. Pelvic Repair Sys. Prod. Liab. Litig.

• Decision Date: 22 May 2013
• Docket Number: MDL No. 2325.
• Citation: 946 F.Supp.2d 512
• Parties: In re AMERICAN MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC. PELVIC REPAIR SYSTEMS PRODUCT LIABILITY LITIGATION. This Document Relates to All Cases.
• Court: U.S. District Court — Southern District of West Virginia

946 F.Supp.2d 512

In re AMERICAN MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC. PELVIC REPAIR SYSTEMS PRODUCT LIABILITY LITIGATION.

This Document Relates to All Cases.

MDL No. 2325.

United States District Court, S.D. West Virginia.

May 22, 2013.

Derek H. Potts, The Potts Law Firm, Kansas City, MO, Fidelma L. Fitzpatrick, Jonathan D. Orent, Motley Rice, Providence, RI, Harry F. Bell, Jr., The Bell Law Firm, Charleston, WV, Henry G. Garrard, III, Blasingame Burch Garrard & Ashley, Athens, GA, for In re American Medical Systems, Inc. Pelvic Repair Systems Product Liability Litigation.

PRETRIAL ORDER # 64

(AMS's Motion for Permission to Meet with Dr. Moore)

CHERYL A. EIFERT, United States Magistrate Judge.

Defendant American Medical Systems, Inc. (“AMS”) moves this court for an order permitting AMS to meet ex parte with Dr. Robert Moore prior to his deposition scheduled on May 29, 2013, (ECF No. 643, 657), and seeks an expedited ruling on its motion. (ECF No. 645). Plaintiffs have responded to the motion, and AMS has filed supporting and reply memoranda. (ECF Nos. 644, 658, 664, 668). Consequently, the issue before the court has been fully briefed and is ready for resolution. For the reasons that follow, the court GRANTS AMS's request for an expedited resolution of the motion and further GRANTS AMS's motion and amended motion for permission to meet with Dr. Moore.

I. Relevant Facts

This multidistrict litigation (“MDL”) involves the design, development, manufacturing, and marketing by AMS of mesh products used to treat pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. At this stage of the litigation, the parties are completing case-specific discovery in thirty individual matters, fifteen selected by Plaintiffs and the remaining fifteen selected by AMS. Dr. Robert Moore, a Georgia surgeon, has been scheduled for deposition in this MDL to testify about his treatment of Dixie Money, a Georgia resident whose case was selected for specific discovery by Plaintiffs. In 2011, Dr. Moore performed surgery on Ms. Money to remove the pelvic mesh that forms the basis of her complaint.

In addition to treating Ms. Money, Dr. Moore has a long-standing relationship with AMS as a physician consultant on its mesh products. According to AMS, Dr. Moore has been involved in many aspects of its product development, clinical trials, and physician training. Plaintiffs likewise acknowledge that Dr. Moore is one of AMS's top preceptors and medical advisors whose relationship with AMS dates back at least a decade and continues into the present. In view of this history, AMS anticipates that Plaintiffs will question Dr. Moore regarding his involvement with AMS's mesh products. Therefore, AMS seeks permission from the court to prepare Dr. Moore for his testimony on this subject matter. Plaintiffs do not dispute their intent to question Dr. Moore about his consulting services with AMS; however, they oppose AMS's request for an ex parte meeting with Dr. Moore because he is Ms. Money's treating physician.

II. Positions of the Parties

AMS contends that it should be permitted to meet with Dr. Moore for two reasons. First, AMS has the right to conduct private witness interviews under both federal and state law. Second, AMS does not intend to discuss the care and treatment of Ms. Money with Dr. Moore. Instead, the purpose of the meeting is to prepare Dr. Moore for questions regarding his consulting relationship with AMS. AMS argues that it is fundamentally unfair to allow the Plaintiff to conduct a pre-deposition meeting with Dr. Moore to discuss her health care, yet disallow Defendant the right to meet with him on issues that directly pertain to Defendant's business operations.

In response, Plaintiffs assert the physician-patient privilege and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), emphasizing that since the 2003 implementation of HIPAA's Privacy Rule, the trend in the law has been to forbid or severely limit ex parte communications between defense counsel and a plaintiff's health care providers. Plaintiffs argue further that AMS provides no legitimate reason for meeting with Dr. Moore; particularly, as AMS already knows all there is to know about Dr. Moore's involvement with AMS and its products. In Plaintiffs' view, AMS's request to meet with Dr. Moore is nothing more than a desire to “get behind closed doors” with him and ensure that he will say what AMS wants him to say.

III. Discussion

Witness interviews, conducted in private, are routine components of nearly every attorney's case preparation. As a general rule, in the absence of a specific prohibition, potential witnesses are fair game for informal discovery by either side of a pending action. International Bus. Mach. Corp. v. Edelstein, 526 F.2d 37, 42 (2d Cir.1975). Here, Plaintiffs argue that Dr. Moore's role as a treating physician renders him off-limits to AMS for any purpose. AMS, on the other hand, argues that while it may not meet with Dr. Moore to discuss his patient care, it is not precluded from speaking with him about his role as an AMS preceptor and consultant. The court agrees with AMS.

The cases cited by Plaintiffs certainly support their position that a defense attorneyshould not engage in ex parte communications with a plaintiff's treating physician. Nonetheless, these cases do not examine the particular question before this court. In each of the cases cited by Plaintiffs, the proposed subject matter of the ex parte communication was the medical condition and treatment of the plaintiff. Not surprisingly, the courts in Plaintiffs' cases pointed to the confidential nature of communications between a patient and her physician, the existence of a physician-patient privilege in many states, and the privacy safeguards contained in HIPAA and ruled that defense attorneys were not permitted to have unfettered access to plaintiffs' treating physicians. In re Kugel Mesh Hernia Repair Patch Litig., MDL No. 07–1842ML, 2008 WL 2420997, *1 (D.R.I.2008) (protecting physician-patient confidentiality was more important than expediting defendants' discovery); In re Baycol Products Litig., 219 F.R.D. 468, 471 (D.Minn.2003) (Minnesota law, which prohibited the disclosure of information or opinions acquired by a physician during a treatment relationship with the plaintiff, precluded defendants from ex parte communications with physician); Weaver v. Mann, 90 F.R.D. 443, 445 (D.N.D.1981) (federal rules of civil procedure do not contemplate informal conversations with treating physicians). However, unfettered access is not what AMS proposes. AMS does not seek permission to invade the sanctity of the physician-patient relationship between Ms. Money and Dr. Moore. To the contrary, its expressed interest in speaking with Dr. Moore is to discuss his relationship with AMS.

The undersigned reviewed a number of decisions addressing the issue of ex parte communications between defense counsel and a plaintiff's treating physician. Many of the cases included thorough and well-reasoned analyses of matters such as the choice of law, See In re Zimmer Nexgen Knee Implant Products Liability Litig., 890 F.Supp.2d 896 (N.D.Ill.2012), state and federal privilege laws and procedural rules, See Weiss v. Astellas Pharma, U.S., Inc., Case No. 05–527–JMH, 2007 WL 2137782 (E.D.Ky. July 23, 2007), and HIPAA's privacy provisions, Law v. Zuckerman, 307 F.Supp.2d 705 (D.Md.2004). Nevertheless, none of the decisions was especially decisive of this court's ruling, because the issue here is simpler and more straight-forward. Dr. Moore has two distinct roles, one as a treating physician and one as a preceptor/consultant for AMS. For the purposes of interviewing and preparing witnesses, these two roles can be clearly demarcated. As long as AMS does not broach the subject of patient care, the interview pertains only to Dr. Moore's role as a preceptor/consultant. None of the cases cited by Plaintiffs, or reviewed by the court for that matter, involves this peculiar circumstance.

Once Dr. Moore's distinct roles are recognized, it becomes clear that Plaintiffs' reliance on HIPAA is likewise misplaced. HIPAA's privacy provisions explicitly govern the use and disclosure of protected health information. Health information is defined in HIPAA as “any information, whether oral or recorded in any form or medium” that

“[i]s created or received by a health care provider, health plan, public health authority, employer, life insurer, school or university, or health care clearinghouse”; and

“[r]elates to the past, present, or future physical or mental health or condition of an individual; the provision of health care to an individual; or the past, present, or future payment for the provision of health care to an individual.”42 U.S.C. § 1320d(4). Thus, HIPAA regulates only information pertaining to the health condition or treatment of an individual, or the payment of health care services. Given that AMS seeks only to meet with Dr. Moore regarding his consulting services for AMS, HIPAA is entirely irrelevant. ¹

Although not precisely on point, one case, In re Zimmer Nexgen Knee Implant Products Liability Litig., 890 F.Supp.2d 896 (N.D.Ill.2012), is useful to resolving the present dispute. In Zimmer, the court examined the appropriateness of an order that distinguished between roles held by a treating physician and allowed or precluded ex parte interviews depending upon the subject matter of the communication. The court considered...