In re Amerejuve, Inc.

Decision Date29 April 2015
Docket NumberCase No. 14-35482
PartiesIn re: Amerejuve, Inc. Debtor.
CourtU.S. Bankruptcy Court — Southern District of Texas

Chapter 11

MEMORANDUM OPINION ON MORTEZA NAGHAVI'S: (1) MOTION TO MODIFY OR AMEND FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW REGARDING ORDER DIRECTING APPOINTMENT OF A CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE; AND (2) MOTION TO MODIFY OR AMEND THE ORDER DIRECTING APPOINTMENT OF A CHAPTER 11 TRUSTEE

[Refers to Docket Numbers 82 and 83]

I. INTRODUCTION

Three creditors filed an involuntary Chapter 11 petition against Amerejuve, Inc. (the Debtor), a privately-held company in Houston. In response, the president and majority shareholder of the Debtor, Morteza Naghavi (Naghavi), authorized the filing of a voluntary Chapter 11 petition. After Naghavi took this action, the parties that filed the involuntary petition filed a motion to appoint a trustee under § 1104 of the Bankruptcy Code.1 The Court held a hearing on this motion, and then made oral findings of fact and conclusions of law and orally granted the relief sought; thereafter, an order granting the motion was docketed; and since then, the trustee has been in control of the Debtor's assets and operations.

Naghavi now returns to this Court with: (1) a Motion to Modify or Amend Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law Regarding Order Directing Appointment of a Chapter 11 Trustee,[Doc. No. 82]; and (2) a Motion to Modify or Amend the Order Directing Appointment of a Chapter 11 Trustee, [Doc. No. 83] (hereinafter, these two motions are collectively referred to as the Motion). Naghavi contends that this Court erred in finding that he embezzled funds of the Debtor and wants this Court to amend its findings and conclusions to delete this finding.

There is no question that this Court made an oral finding that Naghavi embezzled money from the Debtor, and that this was one basis, among others, for this Court's entry of an order granting the motion to appoint a trustee. The Court now issues this Memorandum Opinion for these reasons: (1) to set forth written findings of fact and conclusions of law to memorialize the Court's oral findings and conclusions made at the close of the hearing held on the motion to appoint a trustee;2 and (2) to set forth why it will deny the Motion and adhere to its initial finding that Naghavi embezzled funds of the Debtor.

In his pending pleadings, Naghavi seems to be requesting only that this Court remove its findings and conclusions regarding embezzlement—thereby suggesting that Naghavi does not challenge this Court's findings and conclusions regarding the alternative grounds which this Court cited to appoint a trustee. Stated differently, his pleadings suggest that Naghavi does not challenge the appointment of a trustee on the non-embezzlement ground that this Court cited, and therefore accepts the appointment of a trustee. However, in other portions of the Motion, and in paragraph 11 of his reply to the responses opposing the Motion, [Doc. No. 100], Naghavi seems to argue that this Court's findings and conclusions are insufficient to justify the appointment of a trustee on any grounds. Naghavi seems to request that this Court vacate, in itsentirety, its order granting the motion to appoint a trustee;3 or, alternatively, he seems to be suggesting that the Court should enter an order under § 1105 terminating the trustee at this juncture and restoring Naghavi, plus a designated chief restructuring officer, to now take over control of the Debtor. Out of an abundance of caution, the Court will assume that Naghavi is in fact requesting that this Court either entirely vacate its order granting the motion to appoint a trustee or, alternatively, amend its findings and conclusions to delete any reference to embezzlement, and then enter a new order under § 1105 terminating the trustee and restoring Naghavi as president of the Debtor.

For the reasons set forth below, this Court: (1) holds that its original ruling that Naghavi committed embezzlement is correct, and therefore declines to amend its findings and conclusions to delete the finding that Naghavi committed embezzlement; (2) holds that, even if the Court is incorrect about Naghavi having committed embezzlement, it should not vacate its order appointing a trustee because the Court articulated other valid grounds, that provided the basis for the appointment of a trustee; and (3) declines to terminate the trustee and reinstate Naghavi under § 1105.

II. FINDINGS OF FACT
A. Factual Background of Naghavi
1. Naghavi is the president of the Debtor. [H'rg Tr. 30:1-3, Nov. 13, 2014].
2. Naghavi owns approximately 95% of the stock of the Debtor. [H'rg Tr. 131:8-18, Nov. 13, 2014]. When Naghavi founded the company, he was the 100% shareholder. [H'rg Tr. 30:20-24, Nov. 13, 2014]. However, several other individuals now own, collectively, 5% of the Debtor's stock. [H'rg Tr. 131:11-18, Nov. 13, 2014].

3. Naghavi resides at 5203 Fieldwood Drive, Houston, Texas 77056. His residence is located in the very toney neighborhood known as "Tanglewood". [H'rg Tr. 30:9-16, Nov. 13, 2014].

4. Naghavi pays approximately $35,000-$40,000 per year in property taxes on his Tanglewood residence. [H'rg Tr. 56:5-9; 73:4-7, Nov. 13, 2014].

5. Naghavi's monthly mortgage payment on his Tanglewood residence is $4,200. [H'rg Tr. 73:8-9, Nov. 13, 2014].

6. Naghavi's 2012 tax return reflects itemized deductions of approximately $63,000 and itemized Schedule C expenses of approximately $65,350, with $25,000 of these expenses being for Naghavi's several consultants and contractors. [H'rg Tr. 76:2-16, Nov. 13, 2014].

7. Prior to the filing of the involuntary petition, Naghavi controlled several entities other than the Debtor, including American Heart Technologies (AHT), MEDITEX IN3 Ventures (MEDITEX), Fairway Medical Technologies (Fairway), and Endothelix. [H'rg Tr. 33:1-37:12, Nov. 13, 2014]. None of these entities, except Endothelix, have ever had any business operations. [H'rg Tr. 39:1-7, Nov. 13, 2014]; [H'rg Tr. 29:3-7, Nov. 14, 2014].

8. According to Naghavi, both he and AHT extended loans to the Debtor. [H'rg Tr. 81:5-11, Nov. 13, 2014]; [H'rg Tr. 19:10-20, Nov. 14, 2014].

B. Factual Background of the Debtor
9. The Debtor was founded in 2007. [H'rg Tr. 30:20-21, Nov. 13, 2014].
10. The Debtor is in the so-called "Med Spa" business. [H'rg Tr. 106:6-15, Nov. 13, 2014]. The Debtor's business includes laser hair removal services, noninvasive body contouring such as cold sculpting, laser treatment and skin rejuvenation, and cosmetic surgeries. [H'rg Tr. 107:21-108:3, Nov. 13, 2014]. The Debtor has nine locations in the greater Houston area. [H'rg Tr. 31:11-14, Nov. 13, 2014]. This business also includes selling products to the customers who receive treatment. [H'rg Tr. 18:6-9, Nov. 14, 2014].
11. For some reason not explained to this Court, all individuals who actually worked at the spa locations owned by the Debtor were listed as employees of Fairway—not of the Debtor—despite the fact that all of these employees had contracts with the Debtor, not Fairway. Indeed, Fairway had no business operations separate and distinct from those of the Debtor. The only activity performed at Fairway was to process payroll for the individuals who provided services at the spas owned by the Debtor. And, Fairway obtained the funds to make payroll from the Debtor. [H'rg Tr. 27:22-29:2, Nov. 14, 2014]. Indeed, the employee ID number that was used when any payroll tax payments were made was the Debtor's number. [H'rg Tr. 45:20-25, Nov. 14, 2014].
12. The Debtor has approximately 50 employees. [H'rg Tr. 84:1-4; 106:11-15, Nov. 13, 2014].
13. According to Naghavi's testimony, the Debtor had total revenue in 2013 of $7,151,340. [H'rg Tr. 62:14-16, Nov. 13, 2014].
14. According to Naghavi's testimony, the Debtor had positive net income in 2011, 2012, and 2013, with ordinary income in 2013 totaling $485,200. [H'rg Tr. 64:7-15, Nov. 13, 2014].
C. Naghavi's Control Over the Debtor's Funds
15. Prior to the filing of the Debtor's bankruptcy petition, Naghavi was the sole signatory on the Debtor's bank account. [H'rg Tr. 105:8-19, Nov. 13, 2014]; [Hr'g Tr. 26:3-14, Nov. 14, 2014].
16. No person working for the Debtor has ever had the right to issue a check or make a payment without first obtaining Naghavi's approval. [H'rg Tr. 17:17-20, Nov. 14, 2014].
D. Naghavi's Tight Leash on the Debtor's Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer
17. Vincent Chitolie (Chitolie) was the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the Debtor between February of 2013 and September of 2014. [H'rg Tr. 23:6-21, Nov. 14, 2014].
18. Despite serving as CFO and COO, Chitolie had no authority to make any payments on behalf of the Debtor. In his words: "Everything had to be cleared through Dr. Naghavi." [H'rg Tr. 26:3-6, Nov. 14, 2014].
19. Naghavi had complete control over all payments made by the Debtor, including even the most routine obligations. For example, Chitolie could not process checks or ACH transfers to pay the Debtor's rent or utility bills without first obtaining Naghavi's approval; indeed, it was Naghavi, not Chitolie, who signed the checks. [H'rg Tr. 33:23-34:10, Nov. 14, 2014].
20. The Debtor had an account at Chase Bank, and it was possible to make electronic transfers from this account, but, in Chitolie's words: "I could schedule a transfer, buteverything had to be approved and done by Dr. Naghavi." [H'rg Tr. 26:13-14, Nov. 14, 2014].
E. Information About Payroll Taxes that Chitolie Provided to Naghavi
21. Chitolie made Naghavi aware of each of the Debtor's payroll periods, and what the payroll obligation was for each period. [H'rg Tr. 26:15-18, Nov. 14, 2014]. Chitolie believed that "the taxes should be paid every time that [they] became due because we had meetings with the IRS," [H'rg Tr. 67:13-14, Nov. 14, 2014], but Naghavi did not take this approach. [H'rg Tr. 17:5-16, Nov. 14, 2014].
22. Indeed, Chitolie provided Naghavi specific
...

To continue reading

Request your trial

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT