In re Dovell, Bankruptcy No. 03-58355.

• Decision Date: 15 January 2004
• Docket Number: Bankruptcy No. 03-58355.,Adversary No. 03-02594.
• Citation: 311 B.R. 492
• Parties: In re Bruce A. DOVELL, Debtor. Bruce A. Dovell, Plaintiff, v. The Guernsey Bank, et al., Defendants.
• Court: U.S. Bankruptcy Court — Southern District of Ohio

311 B.R. 492

In re Bruce A. DOVELL, Debtor.

Bruce A. Dovell, Plaintiff, v. The Guernsey Bank, et al., Defendants.

Bankruptcy No. 03-58355. Adversary No. 03-02594.

United States Bankruptcy Court, S.D. Ohio, Eastern Division.

January 15, 2004.

James E. Nobile, Esq., Nobile, Needleman & Thompson L.L.C., Columbus, OH, for Plaintiff.

Joseph C. Winner, Esq., McFadden, Winner and Savage, Columbus, OH, for Defendant Guernsey Bank.

OPINION AND ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF'S APPLICATION FOR PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION AND DENYING DEFENDANTS' MOTION TO DISMISS

BARBARA J. SELLERS, Bankruptcy Judge.

This matter is before the Court on the plaintiffs motion to preliminarily enjoin defendants State of Ohio and Franklin county Prosecutor from further prosecuting him in case number 03 CR-7048 pending before the Franklin County common Pleas Court. The State of Ohio and the Franklin County Prosecutor opposed the motion and moved to dismiss the plaintiffs complaint for injunctive relief for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.

The Court conducted a preliminary injunction hearing on December 10, 2003. No testimony was presented at the hearing. Counsel for the plaintiff and for the defendants State of Ohio and Franklin County Prosecutor stipulated for the purposes of these motions that the factual allegations set forth in the complaint were true. They also stipulated to the absence of any bad faith on the part of the State of Ohio and the Franklin County Prosecutor. The attorney for defendant Guernsey Bank appeared at the hearing, but did not participate as the injunctive relief requested was limited to the other defendants.

This Court has jurisdiction over this matter pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1334 and the General Order of Relief entered in this district. This Court may issue any order, process or judgment that is necessary or appropriate to carry out the provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. See 11 U.S.C. § 105(a).

The plaintiff is the debtor in the underlying bankruptcy case. He filed a petition for relief under chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code on June 4, 2003. Following the filing of his petition, defendant Guernsey Bank engaged in various collection efforts that culminated in the filing of a criminal complaint against the plaintiff for passing a bad check. The Worthington Police Department after an initial investigation forwarded the complaint to the Franklin County Prosecutor. On or about October 23, 2003, the Franklin County Prosecutor presented the ease to a grand jury which then indicted the plaintiff for one count each of theft and passing bad checks.

The plaintiff argues that the Court should grant his application for preliminary injunction because the principal motivation behind the criminal proceeding is to collect a debt which would otherwise be discharged. The State of Ohio and the Franklin County Prosecutor contend that the automatic stay does not apply to the commencement or continuation of criminal proceedings. See 11 U.S.C. § 362(b)(1). They further argue that in order to circumvent the general prohibition against enjoining state criminal proceedings, the plaintiff must show bad faith on their part and not simply bad faith on the part of defendant Guernsey Bank.

The exception to the automatic stay set forth in 11 U.S.C. § 362(b)(1) is inapplicable where the criminal proceeding is initiated for the purpose of collecting a debt. In re Muncie, 240 B.R. 725, 727 (Bankr.S.D.Ohio 1999). The fact that a grand jury indicted the plaintiff does not somehow absolve Guernsey Bank's motivation for bringing the complaint, particularly where the Franklin County Prosecutor did not conduct his own investigation to insure that the material representations made by the bank to the Worthington Police Department were, in fact, accurate. See Emberton v. Lobb (In re Embertoti), 263 B.R. 817, 820 (Bankr.W.D.Ky.2001). The lack of an independent investigation is manifested by paragraphs five through ten of the Affidavit of John Graceffa, assistant prosecuting attorney.

The requirement espoused by the defendants that the plaintiff establish bad faith on the part of the Franklin County Prosecutor apparently stems from the abstention doctrine announced by the United States Supreme Court in Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37, 91 S.Ct. 746, 27 L.Ed.2d 669 (1971). Younger, however, is inapplicable here because this Court had already exercised jurisdiction over the plaintiff at the time the state criminal proceeding was commenced. See Winkler v. Rickert (In re Winkler), 151 B.R. 807, 811 (Bankr. N.D.Ohio 1992) and Howard v. Allard, 122 B.R. 696, 700 (W.D.Ky.1991). In making this determination, the Court must reject the cases relied upon by the defendants which applied Younger notwithstanding the fact that no state criminal proceeding was pending when the debtor filed his bankruptcy petition. See Barnette v. Evans, 673 F.2d 1250, 1251-52 (11th Cir. 1982) and Zervoudis v. Massachusetts State Lottery Commission (In re Zervoudis), 246 B.R. 470, 474 (Bankr.Mass.2000).

In another case cited by the defendants, the bankruptcy court expressly left open the question of whether Younger applied in such an instance, but went on nonetheless to require a showing of bad faith on the part of the prosecutor before it...