Jackson v. State

• Decision Date: 08 August 2001
• Docket Number: No. 83S00-0010-CR-00567.,83S00-0010-CR-00567.
• Citation: 752 N.E.2d 45
• Parties: Ricky Lee JACKSON, Defendant-Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Plaintiff-Appellee.
• Court: Indiana Supreme Court

752 N.E.2d 45

Ricky Lee JACKSON, Defendant-Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Plaintiff-Appellee.

No. 83S00-0010-CR-00567.

Supreme Court of Indiana.

August 8, 2001.

Susan K. Carpenter, Public Defender of Indiana, David P. Freund, Deputy Public Defender, Indianapolis, IN, Attorneys for Appellant.

Steve Carter, Attorney General of Indiana, Monika Prekopa Talbot, Deputy Attorney General, Indianapolis, IN, Attorneys for Appellee.

DICKSON, Justice.

When the defendant, Ricky Lee Jackson, appealed his murder conviction¹ and 55 year sentence, this Court affirmed his conviction but, finding no basis to determine whether the trial court properly weighed the aggravating and mitigating circumstances, remanded for resentencing on the record. Jackson v. State, 728 N.E.2d 147 (Ind.2000). Upon remand the trial court once again sentenced the defendant to the presumptive sentence² of 55 years.

The defendant again appeals, asserting that the trial court abused its discretion in determining the sentence and that the sentence is manifestly unreasonable. We affirm the trial court.

The applicable principles are clearly recognized. In Jackson's first appeal, we stated:

It is well established that sentencing decisions lie within the discretion of the trial court. Echols v. State, 722 N.E.2d 805, 808 (Ind.2000). When a trial court imposes the presumptive sentence, on appeal this Court presumes that the trial court considered the proper factors in making its sentencing determination. Jones v. State, 698 N.E.2d 289, 291 (Ind. 1998). When a court identifies aggravating or mitigating circumstances, however, it is obligated to include a statement of its reasons for selecting the sentence imposed. See Ind.Code § 35-38-1-3 (1998); Jones, 698 N.E.2d at 291; Widener v. State, 659 N.E.2d 529, 533 (Ind. 1995) (citing Hammons v. State, 493 N.E.2d 1250, 1254 (Ind.1986)); Townsend v. State, 498 N.E.2d 1198, 1201 (Ind.1986). This statement of reasons must contain three elements: (1) identification of all significant mitigating and aggravating circumstances; (2) the specific facts and reasons that lead the court to find the existence of each such circumstance; and (3) reflection of an evaluation and balancing of the mitigating and aggravating circumstances in fixing the sentence. Widener, 659 N.E.2d at 533 (citing Hammons, 493 N.E.2d at 1254); Townsend, 498 N.E.2d at 1201.

Jackson v. State, 728 N.E.2d 147, 154 (Ind. 2000). Upon remand the trial court's sentencing statement demonstrates that the court thoughtfully considered and found six mitigating circumstances:

(1) The defendant was employed and a good employee as pointed out by the pre-sentence report and Defendant's Exhibits 1 and 2, being letters from a superintendent and foreman.

(2) The defendant had a lack of criminal history as is pointed out in the pre-sentence report for this case.

(3) Members of the defendant's family testified that he is needed at home and a jail sentence would be hard on the family. Further that the defendant was a good father and provider for his family.

(4) The defendant expressed remorse for what happened.

(5) The father of the victim by a handwritten note attached to the pre-sentence report requested the Court to be lenient on the defendant, who is the father of his grandsons. He requested leniency on behalf of his grandsons who were hurting.

(6) After the shooting, the defendant was trying to give aid to the victim and was still doing so when police officers arrived at the scene.

Record at 10-11.

In considering whether to impose the presumptive or a reduced sentence, the trial court stated:

The Court finds that imposition of a reduced sentence in this matter would depreciate the seriousness of the crime—murder. When the courts [sic] weighs the mitigating factors as against the depreciation of the seriousness of this offense by reducing the standard sentence, the Court finds the standard sentence should not be reduced. The record reveals the defendant shot and killed his wife by shooting her in the head. This occurred during a domestic disturbance between the two of them in their home. This occurred while their son was upstairs. The son heard his parents arguing,³ heard the fatal shot and observed his mother laying on the floor bleeding.

Record at 11-12. The defendant argues that, if the trial court would have given proper aggregate weight to the mitigating circumstances, "the only conclusion it could have logically reached was that a sentence substantially less than the standard sentence was warranted because there were no aggravating circumstances to weigh against." Br. of Defendant-Appellant at 18.

In determining what sentence to impose for a crime, one of the statutory factors for consideration by the trial court is whether "[i]mposition of a reduced sentence or suspension of the sentence and imposition of probation would depreciate the seriousness of the crime." Ind.Code § 35-38-1-7.1(b)(4). Consideration of this factor is available when the trial court contemplates reducing a sentence from the presumptive. See Mitchell v. State, 726 N.E.2d 1228, 1242 (Ind.2000). As indicated above, the trial court expressly found that a reduced sentence would depreciate the seriousness of the crime. Although the trial court's language elsewhere states, "there were no aggravating factors," Record at 11, considered in context,⁴ we understand the trial court's use of the phrase "there were no aggravating factors" to mean only that the judge found no aggravating factors favoring an enhanced sentence. The trial court's express finding that a reduced sentence would depreciate the serious of...