Jamison-Bey v. Thieret, JAMISON-BE

• Citation: 867 F.2d 1046
• Decision Date: 25 January 1989
• Docket Number: No. 88-1210,JAMISON-BE,P,88-1210
• Parties: Williamlaintiff-Appellant, v. James H. THIERET, Defendant-Appellee.
• Court: United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (7th Circuit)

Page 1046

867 F.2d 1046

William JAMISON-BEY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. James H. THIERET, Defendant-Appellee.

No. 88-1210.

United States Court of Appeals,

Seventh Circuit.

Submitted Jan. 25, 1989. ^*

Decided Feb. 9, 1989.

William Jamison Bey, M.S.T. of A., Menard, Ill., pro se.

Valerie J. Peiler, Asst. Atty. Gen., Chicago, Ill., for defendant-appellee.

Before CUMMINGS, CUDAHY and EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judges.

CUMMINGS, Circuit Judge.

Plaintiff-appellant Jamison-Bey sought declaratory and injunctive relief against defendant-appellee James H. Thieret and other prison officials under 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1983 for their alleged violation of Jamison-Bey's Eighth Amendment rights. Both parties subsequently moved for summary judgment. The district court granted Thieret's motion, primarily for Jamison-Bey's failure to allege conditions sufficiently egregious to violate the Eighth Amendment. For the reasons stated below, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.

I.

As a Menard Correctional Center inmate, Jamison-Bey complained that he was subjected to cruel and unusual punishment when he was placed in segregation for 101 consecutive days. Allegedly during this time, he was deprived of his ten dollar monthly allowance or its equivalent in hygiene products; he was not given the use of a broom or mop to clean his cell which had been flooded on various occasions, which was polluted with urine and defecation, and which was inhabited by roaches, rodents, and birds; he was denied proper ventilation in his cell which was at times filled with smoke from the fires started by other inmates; he was not allowed to use the exercise yard five times a week; he had his personal property confiscated; and he had restricted access to the law library and to visitors. In addition, he claimed that as a general policy, minorities were discriminated against in their housing assignments, jobs and school privileges upon release from segregation.

Apart from Thieret, the district court dismissed Jamison-Bey's claims against the defendant officials for Jamison-Bey's failure to allege their personal involvement. He did, however, allege that Thieret was personally aware of the allegedly inhumane conditions. ¹ These claims were submitted to Federal Magistrate Gerald B. Cohn for final disposition. Both parties having filed written consents to the entry of final judgment by the magistrate, this appeal is authorized pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Sec. 636(c)(3). As already indicated, both parties moved for summary judgment; Thieret's motion was ultimately granted.

The federal magistrate's order dismissed Jamison-Bey's claims on three alternative grounds. First, the magistrate found that Jamison-Bey had failed adequately to allege specific facts sufficient to defeat Thieret's motion for summary judgment; second, that Jamison-Bey had failed sufficiently to refute Thieret's claim that he lacked personal knowledge of any violation of prison regulations at Menard; and third, that even if Jamison-Bey's allegations were true, they did not rise to the level of an Eighth Amendment violation.

II.

Summary judgment is only appropriate when no issue of material fact exists. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e). On review, we draw all inferences from the record in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion. Beard v. Whitley County REMC, 840 F.2d 405, 409-10 (7th Cir.1988) (citing United States v. Diebold, Inc., 369 U.S. 654, 655, 82 S.Ct. 993, 994, 8 L.Ed.2d 176 (1962)). A party bearing the burden of proof on an issue may not simply rest on its pleadings, but must demonstrate with specific factual allegations that a genuine issue of material fact exists and requires trial. Id. at 410 (citing Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986)). However, pro se litigants are not held to the stringent standards of formally trained attorneys, and their pleadings are to be liberally construed. Caldwell v. Miller, 790 F.2d 589, 595 (7th Cir.1986); see generally Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520-21, 92 S.Ct. 594, 595-96, 30 L.Ed.2d 652 (1972).

While the district court's order summarily disposed of Jamison-Bey's claims against Thieret under various justifications, we find that these justifications leave fatal gaps which ignore many of Jamison-Bey's specific allegations. The magistrate stated "it is clear that the facts contained in [Jamison-Bey's] motion and its supporting affidavits do not contradict the facts presented by James Thieret." This finding is flatly wrong. Thieret's affidavit is a three sentence fill-in-the-blank form which merely indicates Thieret's lack of personal knowledge of any violations of departmental regulations at Menard. It states,

1. I am currently employed by the Illinois Department of Corrections as the Warden of the Menard Correctional Center, Menard, Illinois, and I have been so employed for approximately three years ______ months. (Underlines to be filled-in in the original).

2. William Jamison-Bey, # N-33409, is an inmate at the Menard Correctional Center.

3. I have no personal knowledge of any violation of departmental regulation in the operation of the segregation unit at Menard Correctional Center.

There is no mention of Thieret's lack of knowledge of Jamison-Bey's specific claims, nor any refutation of his alleged contact with Jamison-Bey regarding these problems. In light of Jamison-Bey's affidavit evidence that he informed Thieret of the unconstitutional conditions on numerous occasions, a material question of fact exists, and Thieret's conclusional statements, effectively without evidentiary support, are insufficient on summary judgment.

The magistrate also found that the conditions complained of did not violate the Eighth Amendment, but he completely ignored many of Jamison-Bey's specific complaints. See Demallory v. Cullen, 855 F.2d 442, 445 (7th Cir.1988) (cruel and unusual punishment is determined under the totality of the conditions of confinement). Most notably, the magistrate never mentions Jamison-Bey's claim that he was denied exercise five times a week or that at Thieret's direction he was subjected to exercise restrictions over...