Jenkins v. State, 1283S434

• Decision Date: 19 February 1985
• Docket Number: No. 1283S434,1283S434
• Parties: Clark Jeffery JENKINS, Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Appellee.
• Court: Indiana Supreme Court

Page 84

474 N.E.2d 84

Clark Jeffery JENKINS, Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Appellee.

No. 1283S434.

Supreme Court of Indiana.

Feb. 19, 1985.

Anthony V. Luber, South Bend, for appellant.

Linley E. Pearson, Atty. Gen., Phillip B. Rarick, Deputy Atty. Gen., Indianapolis, for appellee.

PIVARNIK, Justice.

Defendant-Appellant Clark Jeffery Jenkins was found guilty of Rape, a class A felony, and Robbery, a class B felony, by a jury in the St. Joseph Circuit Court on April 27, 1983. On June 1, 1983, the Honorable Jeanne J. Swartz sentenced Appellant to the Department of Corrections for a period of thirty (30) years for the rape conviction and a period of ten (10) years for the robbery conviction. The sentences were ordered to be served consecutively. Appellant now directly appeals and raises the following five issues:

1. the trial court erred by declaring the first trial a mistrial;

2. the trial court erred by denying Appellant's motion to admit evidence under the Rape Shield Law;

3. the trial court erred by admitting certain testimony;

4. insufficiency of evidence; and

5. the trial court erred by imposing consecutive sentences for the rape and robbery convictions.

Appellant Clark Jenkins was first tried on July 6, 1982. The case was submitted to the jury at 11:27 a.m., July 8, 1982. At 3:18 p.m. the court called the jury back in to determine the status of their deliberations. When the court polled the jurors, they unanimously agreed that they were deadlocked and that even another day of deliberation could not change this situation. The trial court then declared a mistrial.

Appellant's second trial began April 27, 1983. D.B., the prosecutrix, was thirty-two (32) years old and married when the alleged crimes were committed on August 25, 1981. She lived in California but had travelled alone and was visiting her parents in South Bend, Indiana. D.B. testified that on August 25, 1981 she was alone and asleep in her mother's house when the lights in the bedroom were switched on. She awoke to a man with a long butcher knife standing in the bedroom doorway. He lunged at her with repeated profanity and threatened to cut her head off. D.B. screamed for help. Appellant responded by ripping the telephone cord from the wall, gathering sheets, stuffing them in D.B.'s mouth and threatening to kill her if she did not remain quiet. D.B. further stated that Appellant threatened again to kill her if she did not tell him where there was money. When she failed to do so, he pulled her nightgown up and put the knife between her legs and threatened to cut her if she did not tell him where to find money. D.B. further testified that at this time she could hear at least two other unfamiliar voices outside the bedroom. Appellant informed D.B. that he intended to rape her. She pleaded with him but to no avail and Appellant, by knife point, forced D.B. to perform oral sex upon him and then forced her to have vaginal intercourse.

D.B. stated that after the rape Appellant demanded D.B. to tell him of any valuables in the house. D.B. told him her purse was in the kitchen to which he responded it had already been examined. Finally, D.B. told him there was a Cadillac in the garage with the keys in it. Appellant departed out the back door yelling, "Don't call the police for half an hour." D.B. immediately locked the back door. She secured a sharp knife which she brandished in the window when she heard someone at the back door again. Moments later she saw someone get into the Cadillac and drive away. The Cadillac, a television set and a cuckoo clock were taken. D.B., still in her nightgown, ran barefoot to the neighbor's house and immediately called the police. She was then taken to the hospital where a rape kit test was performed.

Appellant, age 29, testified on his own behalf. He admitted having sexual intercourse with D.B. the night of the alleged crimes, August 25, 1981, but claimed D.B. consented to it. His version of the facts is as follows. Appellant testified that he met D.B. in the early summer months of 1981 at a bar. Her mother was with her. Since Appellant knew D.B.'s mother he stopped to talk with her and in the meantime was introduced to D.B. Appellant visited the home of D.B.'s mother again in July where he encountered D.B. for the second time. D.B.'s mother was not home but D.B. and Appellant conversed inside the house awhile then drove together to her father's house to pick up some mail. The next time Appellant saw D.B. was August 25, 1981, the night of the crimes. Appellant went to the home of D.B.'s mother and talked with D.B. When D.B. said she had to leave but that she would be back later, Appellant said he would be over that evening. When he returned he had two male friends with him. Appellant, his friends, and D.B. sat in the backyard and all drank beer and shared one marijuana cigarette. After awhile Appellant and D.B. went into the house. Appellant's friends were making their way towards their car at that point. Appellant and D.B. talked inside the house and decided during the conversation to have sex. So D.B. went into another room and changed into a nightgown. Appellant claimed he did not have a knife during intercourse and that they both had agreed to engage in the act. Afterwards he heard someone walking through the house. Thinking it was D.B.'s mother he investigated and found his friends in the kitchen going through D.B.'s purse. Appellant inquired as to his friends' presence. Meanwhile D.B. heard talking and began screaming at Appellant's friends when she realized they were robbing her. The television set had already been removed. After Appellant's friends left and D.B. threatened to call the police, Appellant persuaded her he would get the items back. Appellant left on foot and as he was walking one of Appellant's friends drove up in the car D.B. usually drove. Appellant got in and asked his friend to return the car and items taken from D.B. His friend refused and said he intended to "strip" the car. Appellant admitted being present when the car was "stripped" but did not receive any of the property or know what happened to it.

On rebuttal the testimony of one C.K., which was ruled inadmissible in the State's case-in-chief, was admitted. C.K., testified that more than a month after D.B.'s rape a man she identified as Appellant came into her home with a gun. He took a television set and money. He also forced her to engage in oral and vaginal intercourse. Fingerprints from the house were identified as belonging to Appellant.

Appellant alleges that the trial court erred by admitting evidence of a subsequent alleged rape when consent, not identity, was the only material issue in dispute. Appellant contends that this evidence was so prejudicial that he is entitled to a new trial. We agree. Since this cause must be reversed and remanded for a new trial, we will address only the issue which requires reversal.

I

The sole issue at trial regarding the rape charge was whether D.B. consented to Appellant's actions. There is no identification issue. There is no question that Appellant and D.B. engaged in sexual intercourse. The problem is whether Appellant entered D.B.'s home without her permission and forced her to have sexual relations against her will. Both Appellant and D.B. presented contradictory stories about what transpired between them.

During the State's case-in-chief, C.K., the victim of the subsequent alleged rape, was called to testify. Appellant's counsel, Attorney Thistlethwaite objected and the record discloses the following proceedings:

"Mr. Thistlethwaite: I have an objection I want to raise on the record before she testifies. I believe I know the nature of her testimony.

"The Court: Well, what is your objection?

"Mr. Thistlethwaite: I don't know if you want to excuse the jury or not?

"The Court: Well, can you state it? Is it going to be a long-standing objection? Is that what you're telling me?

"Mr. Thistlethwaite: Briefly, I think what her testimony involves are similar acts, and I don't believe the testimony is admissible at this point in the trial, number one, and I don't believe it's admissible period. So I want to place an objection on that ground.

"The Court: All right. I will excuse them."

Record at 593.

After the jury was excused the State said C.K. was a similar acts witness. After both sides presented argument, the court sustained the objection.

As part of its rebuttal, the State again called C.K. The previous objection was renewed and the following discussion took place:

"Mr. Thistlethwaite: I want to make sure the record reflects the continuing objection to the testimony of this witness.

"The Court: Is this witness' testimony going to have anything to do with the Defendant taking the T.V. and/or money from her purse?

"Miss Becker: It will have both of those things; in addition, Judge, this witness will also testify that the Defendant told her, 'Don't try to get me for rape. I'll say you enjoyed every minute of it.' I think it also mentions on that, the fact that this man rapes women and then he later tries to say it's consent. It's exactly the same thing that he told her he would do, and in addition, it will tie up the other issues in this case that the robbery is similar; the robbery of the purse, the T.V., and the fact there were other individuals working and that the Defendant was actually the boss.

"The Court: Particularly, what I want to know, did he simply take the money from the purse or is there going to be a discussion wanting money and getting property and getting it from her purse?

"Miss Becker: They did have some conversation about taking money, but the purse was in the room where she was or it was in a living room and he entered the living room at this point. Judge, I can check. I don't remember what the conversation was.

"The Court: Check it before we go forward.

"Miss Becker: Judge, we can't come up with it exactly. What she told me was that the...