Johnson v. Commonwealth

• Decision Date: 10 January 1949
• Citation: Johnson v. Commonwealth, 188 Va. 848, 51 S.E.2d 152 (1949)
• Court: Virginia Supreme Court
• Parties: JOHNSON. v. COMMONWEALTH.

51 S.E.2d. 152

188 Va. 848

JOHNSON.

v.COMMONWEALTH.

Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.

Jan. 10, 1949.

Appeal from Circuit Court, Buchanan County; F. W. Smith, Judge.

Julius Johnson was convicted of second degree murder, and he brings error. Affirmed.

Before HUDGINS, C. J., and GREGORY, EGGLESTON, SPRATLEY, BUCHANAN, STAPLES, and MILLER, JJ.

S. H. & Geo. C. Sutherland, of Clintwood, for plaintiff in error.

J. Lindsay Almond, Jr., Atty. Gen. and Henry T. Wickham, Sp. Asst. to Atty. Gen., for Commonwealth.

BUCHANAN, Justice.

The defendant, Julius Johnson, shot and killed Buddy Walters. He claimed the shooting was accidental. A jury convicted him of second-degree murder, fixed his punishment at fifteen years in the penitentiary and he was sentenced accordingly. He contends here that the evidence did not support the verdict and that error was committed in giving instructions.

Johnson and Walters both worked for a coal company in Buchanan county. There was no evidence of any prior trouble between them. On a Saturday night in October, 1947, Walters, together with Clifford Lovell, was at the home of Albert Matney when Johnson joined them. Johnson appeared to be sober but testified he had been drinking beer. Matney and Walters went after whiskey and a little later came back with a bottle in a car with Wallace Justus to a place in the road where Johnson and Lovell were waiting. There these five then began drinking whiskey, dancing and wrestling. The party went on for about on hour and during the course of it Johnson and Walters wrestled with each other. Before starting to wrestle Johnson handed his pistol, which he was carrying in his belt fully loaded, to Matney to hold. Matney began firing it into the air, intending to shoot it empty, for the reason, he said, that you couldn't tell what a bunch of men drinking would do. Johnson stopped him after he had fired twice, telling him not to shoot all the shells he had. In the wrestling match Walters threw Johnson and when they got up Johnson asked for his pistol and Matney gave it back to him.

The members of the party then stood around for a while with nothing much being said or done except maybe taking another drink. Fifteen or twenty minutes after "Johnson took his pistol back, while he was standing in the road near the middle of the car, and as Walters was coming around the front end of the car about five or six feet from Johnson, the shot that killed Walters came from Johnson's pistol. It was fired from his hip or near his belt, and struck Walters in the abdomen.

No angry words preceded the shooting and the evidence discloses no difficulty between these two men other than the wrestling bout in which Walters, the deceased, was the victor. The only verbal explanation of the shooting was that offered by Johnson, who was the only witness in his own behalf. He said that when the pistol was handed back to him he thought of taking the empty shells out for fear they might stick in the cylinder; that he stood around for a while and then when he started to take' them out, the pistol went off, "I don't know just how it went off, it just went off." The pistol was a.38 special and was unloaded by swinging the cylinder out.

The defendant argues that since he testified he did not intend to shoot the pistol, but that it went off accidentally, and there was no evidence to the contrary, the jury-were required to accept his explanation of it. But this argument overlooks facts and circumstances shown by the evidence which contradicted defendant's explanation and warranted the jury in rejecting it as untrue.

As the shot was fired, Walters began to sink down and defendant knew he had shot him. At that time a taxicab pulled up and Lovell said to the defendant, "There is the law, give me that gun." The defendant said, "Hell, no, " and ran off down the road. He then went up to the Matney home, asked two little Matney girls to walk up the road with him to see who followed him. When they got to Lovell's house the girls stopped and said they were afraid to go farther, whereupon the defendant cursed and said, "I am the damned man that killed Buddy Walters." The girls then went on up with the defendant to his house and when they entered, defendant's brother-in-law stepped from behind the door. As he did so, defendant drew his pistol, then said, "I thought you were somebody else." He told his wife he had killed Walters. She tried to persuade him to go to bed, but he said no, he was going to leave.

When they left the house they saw two men ahead of them in the road. The defendant sent the girls down to see who they were while he hid until.they came back and reported.

Defendant next went to the home of Andrew Smith and tried to get Smith totake him away that night. Smith refused and he next went to the home of Wallace Justus at about two-thirty o'clock in the morning and asked Justus to take him to the home of defendant's father, about eight miles away. Justus insisted that he spend the night with him, but finally took him to his father's and stayed with him the rest of the night.

A deputy sheriff and other officers arrived there that afternoon with a warrant for defendant's arrest. Defendant asked the officers to let him put on a shirt, and when permission was given the defendant escaped through a window in the back of the house. The deputy went away but came back later and saw the defendant up a hollow some 300 yards away. He called to him to come down but the defendant went the other way. Later that evening the father told the officer to come back next day and he would have him ready.

During all this time and to all of these people the defendant made no claim that the shooting was accidental. He knew that he had killed a man with whom he claimed to be on friendly terms and yet he expressed no regret about it, made no effort to render aid, and showed no concern. From the moment the shot was fired his acts and words indicated a purpose to avoid arrest, a purpose which he for a time effected by escaping when the officers came to arrest him. The deceased did not die immediately but was in a hospital for several days. The defendant made no effort to see him and expressed no interest or regret to his family. His excuse for these actions, so much at variance with normal conduct when life is taken accidentally, was that he thought the father of the deceased might be mad at him and he did not want any more trouble.

It follows, of course, that the jury were not required to shut their eyes to all these facts and circumstances and accept the explanation of the killing as offered by the defendant's words. The facts and circumstances spoke much louder and more convincingly. His claim that it was accidental was to be examined in the light of his conduct....