Johnson v. Fong

• Decision Date: 20 April 1944
• Docket Number: 3399.
• Citation: 147 P.2d 884,62 Nev. 249
• Parties: JOHNSON v. FONG et al.
• Court: Nevada Supreme Court

147 P.2d 884

62 Nev. 249

JOHNSON v. FONG et al.

No. 3399.

Supreme Court of Nevada

April 20, 1944

Appeal from District Court, Eighth District, Clark County; George E Marshall, Judge.

Action for assault and battery by St. Patrick Johnson against Harry Lee Fong and others. From an order discharging writ of attachment, plaintiff appeals.

Reversed.

Morse & Graves, of Las Vegas, for appellant.

No appearance for respondents.

ORR Chief Justice.

On May 15, 1943, the appellant commenced an action in the district court of Clark County, Nevada, asking damages of the defendants for an assault and battery alleged to have been committed upon the person of appellant on April 30, 1943. On the same date an affidavit of attachment and undertaking on attachment were filed in the office of the county clerk of said county, and a writ of attachment issued. On said 15th day of May, 1943, the said writ of attachment was executed by levying upon certain real and personal property belonging to the defendants. On May 18, 1943, one of the defendants, Joe La Due, filed a notice of motion, supported by his affidavit, giving notice of intention to move to discharge the said attachment. Pursuant to said notice of motion a hearing was had and a motion to dissolve the writ of attachment duly presented. The trial court at the time of the hearing of the said motion had before it for consideration the complaint, affidavit in support of the issuance of a writ of attachment, and the affidavit of Joe La Due heretofore referred to. On the 22nd day of May, 1943, the trial court entered its order discharging said attachment, and this appeal is from said order. Appellant filed an opening brief but none has been filed on behalf of respondents.

In the determination of this appeal we have the following questions to consider: (1) Does the complaint filed in the district court state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action against the defendants?; and (2) is the affidavit of appellant sufficient to warrant the issuance of the writ of attachment?

The complaint, insofar as is material here, reads as follows:

"III. That on the 30th day of April, 1943, defendants Harry Lee Fong, Harry Lee, Rose Fong, Joe La Due, Abe Kroloff, Bob Kroloff, Kroloff Brothers, a copartnership, Club Alabam, a copartnership, Club Alabam, a corporation, were the owners and operators of the business known as the West Side Club, situated at or about the northeast corner of Jackson and West Sixth Streets, in the City of Las Vegas, Clark County, State of Nevada, consisting of a gaming casino wherein there and then were conducted a crap game and other gaming games and devices, and that such casino and games were open to the general public, and that said defendant also operated on said premises, and in conjunction with said casino, a tavern for the sale of liquor and food to the public.

IV. That on the 30th day of April, 1943, at about 9:30 o'clock P.M., of said day, at about directly in front of the said West Side Club, situated at or about the northeast corner of Jackson and West Sixth Streets, in the City of Las Vegas, Clark County, Nevada, the defendant Louis Poison Smith did make an unlawful, illegal, malicious, outrageous, wanton, violent, unwarranted and oppressive assault upon this plaintiff, and did recklessly, wantonly, unlawfully, shamefully, oppressively, outrageously and maliciously beat, bruise and batter plaintiff in a cruel, inhuman, outrageous and shameful manner, while plaintiff was peacefully and lawfully going about his business.

V. That said Louis Poison Smith, one of the defendants above named, was then and there the servant, agent and employee of said defendants, and each of them, and at the time of committing said acts of violence, acting in his capacity as guard and bouncer for said West Side Club, and the other defendants herein, and that he was then and there acting under the express, implied or incidental instructions and representing said defendants, and each of them, and within the scope of his authority, within the course of his employment as such guard and bouncer, and during the hours of employment. That said defendant, Louis Poison Smith, is a strong and robust man, possessing great strength, and known to be a dangerous and fighting man, and which was known to the defendants, and each of them, and that the plaintiff was taken unawares by said violent attack and assault and battery, and unable to prevent the same or defend himself.

VI. That the said unlawful, illegal, malicious, outrageous, wanton, violent, unwarranted and oppressive assault upon this plaintiff, by defendant Louis Poison Smith, was incited, authorized, procured and encouraged by the other defendants herein.

VII. That the said defendant, Louis Poison Smith, did grievously wound and injure plaintiff, and did strike, beat, bruise, and batter plaintiff with a pistol held in his hands, and with his hands, and did knock down and kick plaintiff, and did seriously injure the right eye of plaintiff to an extent that it became necessary to remove said eye, and did otherwise seriously injure and damage him and wilfully, unlawfully, wantonly, violently, oppressively and maliciously bruise, batter and mistreat him, causing plaintiff to suffer great bodily pain, injury and inconvenience, consisting of the following: The loss of his right eye, cuts and bruises on his head, cut over his left eye about four inches long, and numerous lacerations all over his body, so that plaintiff became totally incapacit syed and was confined to a bed in a hospital and at his home for six days subsequent to said assault and battery, and that plaintiff's nervous system was thereby and therefrom shocked, shattered and impaired."

In our opinion the allegations of Paragraphs V and VI are sufficient to state a cause of action against the defendants. In an action of this character not only the actual assailant but also all others who aided, abetted or encouraged the wrongdoer are liable with him to an injured party, whether they were present or not when the wrong was actually done. In the complaint it is alleged that respondent Smith was the agent of the other named defendants and at the time of making the alleged assault was acting within the scope of his authority and in the course of his employment. As a matter of law, the principal is liable for a tort which an agent commits in the course of his employment. This is so even though the principal be ignorant thereof. And a principal may be held liable to a third person where his agent, acting within the scope of his real or apparent authority, is guilty of an assault and battery. 2 Am.Jur. [62 Nev. 254] p. 280, sec. 361, note 3; Ray v. Dyer, Tex.Civ.App., 20 S.W.2d 328, at page 332; Loeb v. Kimmerle, 215 Cal. 143, 9 P.2d 199, 203; Deevy v. Tassi, Cal.App., 122 P.2d 942; Rand v. Butte Electric R. Co., 40 Mont. 398, 107 P. 87, 88, at page 91; Dornsife v. Ralston, 55 Or. 254, 106 P. 13, at page 15; Schafer v. Ostmann, 148 Mo.App. 644, 129 S.W. 63; Shear v. Woodrick, 181 Wis. 30, 193 N.W. 968.

In this case the plaintiff is entitled to relief for the alleged injuries inflicted, from such defendants as he can show united or co-operated in doing him the wrong. More v. Finger, 128 Cal. 313, 60 P. 933. In Herron v. Hughes, 25 Cal. 555, 560, it is said:

"Where two or more are sued for a wrong done, it may be necessary to prove previous combination in order to secure a joint recovery, but it is never necessary to allege it, and if alleged it is not to be considered as of the gist of the action. That lies in the wrongful and damaging act done."

The above...