Johnson v. Newport

• Citation: 131 Idaho 521,960 P.2d 742
• Decision Date: 01 July 1998
• Docket Number: No. 23887,23887
• Parties: Blake R. JOHNSON and Frank W. Johnson, Plaintiffs-Counterdefendants-Respondents, v. John NEWPORT and Judy Newport, Defendants-Counterdefendants-Appellants. Pocatello, May 1998 Term
• Court: Idaho Supreme Court

Page 742

960 P.2d 742

131 Idaho 521

Blake R. JOHNSON and Frank W. Johnson, Plaintiffs-Counterdefendants-Respondents, v. John NEWPORT and Judy Newport, Defendants-Counterdefendants-Appellants.

No. 23887.

Supreme Court of Idaho,

Pocatello, May 1998 Term.

July 1, 1998.

Eliasen Law Offices, American Falls, for appellants. Lyle Eliasen argued.

Racine, Olson, Nye, Cooper & Budge, Pocatello, for respondents. John R. Goodell argued.

JOHNSON, Justice.

This is a boundary dispute case. We affirm the trial court's decision quieting title based on the doctrine of boundary by implied agreement.

I. THE BACKGROUND AND PRIOR PROCEEDINGS

John and Judy Newport (the Newports) and Blake R. and Frank W. Johnson (the Johnsons) are owners of adjacent real property (the properties) in Power County. The Newports own the land to the west of the boundary between the properties. The Johnsons own the land to the east of the boundary. Bannock Creek (the creek) generally runs in a southwesterly direction, intersecting the two properties at multiple locations. More than sixty years ago, a fence (the old fence) was built by the predecessors-in-interest (the predecessors) of the Newports and the Johnsons. The old fence follows the course of the creek rather than the true boundary between the properties. The old fence lies to the west of the true property line in the southern portion of the area the Newports and Johnsons dispute (the disputed area) and to the east of the true property line in the northern portion of the disputed area. The disputed area lies between the old fence and the true property line. In June 1995, the Newports had the land surveyed and constructed a new fence on the true boundary line. The Johnsons sued the Newports, seeking to have the old fence declared the boundary and to quiet title to the disputed area. The Newports counterclaimed, asking the trial court to declare that they were the true owners of the disputed area, quiet title in their names, and order the Johnsons to pay half the cost of the survey and the new fence.

Following a trial without a jury, the trial court determined that the old fence constituted the legal boundary, quieted title to the disputed area in the Johnsons, and ordered the Newports to remove the new fence at their own expense. In its decision, the trial court found that the reason or circumstance for the construction of the old fence was not specifically known and that there was no evidence showing that the old fence was constructed for the mere convenience of previous landowners or expressly as an agreed boundary. The trial court noted that the location of the creek and the creek's historical heavy spring runoff probably suggested the reason for the location of the fence and that the true boundary of the property was uncertain until June 1995 when the Newports had the property surveyed. In addition, the trial court found that the predecessors impliedly agreed that the old fence was to act as a boundary between the properties, noting that the evidence showed that the parties exclusively used the land on their respective sides of the old fence and treated it as a boundary. Finally, the trial court found that the Newports did not rebut the presumption of implied border by agreement. The trial court concluded, based on its findings of fact, that there was a boundary by implied agreement that follows the old fence. The Newports appealed.

II.

THERE IS SUBSTANTIAL AND COMPETENT EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THE TRIAL COURT'S FINDINGS CONCERNING BOUNDARY BY AGREEMENT.

The Newports argue that the trial court improperly quieted title in the Johnsons based on boundary by agreement. We disagree.

In Cameron v. Neal, which is this Court's most recent decision applying the doctrine of boundary by agreement, the Court summarized the doctrine:

The doctrine of boundary by agreement has long been established in Idaho's case law. To have a boundary by agreement, the location of the true boundary line must be uncertain or disputed and there must be a subsequent agreement fixing the boundary. Wells v. Williamson, 118 Idaho 37, 41, 794 P.2d 626, 630 (1990). The agreement need not be express, but may be implied by the surrounding circumstances and conduct of the parties. Id. The existence of such an agreement between adjoining landowners may appear where their property rights have been defined by the erection of a fence, followed by treatment of the fence by the adjoining owners as the boundary. Edgeller v. Johnston, 74 Idaho 359, 365, 262 P.2d 1006, 1010 (1953). Further, the long existence and recognition of a fence as a boundary, in the absence of any evidence as to the manner or circumstances of its original location, strongly suggests that the fence was located as a boundary by agreement. Beneficial Life Insurance Co. v. Wakamatsu, 75 Idaho 232, 241, 270 P.2d 830, 835 (1954). Also, the payment of taxes on the property by the party asserting ownership of the disputed parcel is not required when determining a claim based on the doctrine of boundary by agreement. Trappett v. Davis, 102 Idaho 527, 633 P.2d 592 (1981).

130 Idaho 898, 901, 950 P.2d 1237, 1240 (1997). Thus, the...