Jones v. Gingras

• Decision Date: 29 July 1975
• Parties: Lester P. JONES et al. v. Barbara S. GINGRAS.
• Court: Appeals Court of Massachusetts

Page 819

331 N.E.2d 819

3 Mass.App.Ct. 393

Lester P. JONES et al.

v. Barbara S. GINGRAS.

Appeals Court of Massachusetts, Plymouth.

Argued May 14, 1975.

Decided July 29, 1975.

Nachman S. Cohen, Boston, for defendant.

Sidney Gorovitz, Boston, for plaintiffs.

Before HALE, C.J., and ROSE and KEVILLE, JJ.

KEVILLE, Justice.

This is a bill in equity to quiet title to land in Norwell (the locus). The case was referred to a master who found that the plaintiffs, husband and wife, had record title to the locus and, alternatively, that they had established ownership of the locus by adverse possession. The court below confirmed the master's report, and a final decree was entered stating that the plaintiffs have 'good title of record' to the locus. The defendant appealed from the final decree only. ¹

We first dispose of certain procedural questions. The parties have attempted to bring before us portions of a transcript of the testimony before the master (taken by stenographers approved by him) as well as some of the exhibits introduced in evidence before him. The record is silent as to whether the order of reference to the master authorized him to report evidence. Compare Joyner v. Lenox Sav. Bank, 322 Mass. 46, 57--58, 76 N.E.2d Ed. 169 (1947); Royal Tool & Gauge Corp. v. Clerk of Courts for County of Hampden, 326 Mass. 390, 391, 94 N.E.2d 781 (1950); Peabody Constr. CO. INC. V. FIRST FED. PARKING CORP., --- MASS.APP. --- , 330 N.E.2D 497 (1975)^A. In any event, because no appeal was taken from the interlocutory decree confirming the master's report, the master's subsidiary findings of fact are conclusive between the parties (Tucker v. Poch, 321 Mass. 321, 322, 73 N.E.2d 595 (1947); New England Overall Co., Inc. v. Woltmann, 343 Mass. 69, 80--81, 176 N.E.2d 193 (1961); Erickson v. Waltham, --- Mass.App. ---, --- ^b, 314 N.E.2d 139 (1974)). and we are to decide the case solely upon those findings. See Fisher v. MacDonald, 332 Mass. 727, 729, 127 N.E.2d 484 (1966) in which the court, absent an appeal from an interlocutory decree confirming a master's report, refused to consider summaries of evidence filed by a master. Certain of the exhibits which the parties attempt to bring before us are referred to by the master in his report. These exhibits are not, however, part of his findings because he did not expressly incorporate them by reference, nor is there any indication that they were physically appended to his report. See Dodge v. Inspector of Bldgs. of Newburyport, 340 Mass. 382, 386, 164 N.E.2d 309 (1960) in which the original record discloses that the auditor had similarly referred to certain exhibits. Contrast Papale v. Westboro Country Club, Inc., --- Mass.App. ---, --- ^c, 311 N.E.2d 668 (1974).

In these circumstances, the only questions presented are whether the master's subsidiary findings are mutually inconsistent or plainly wrong (John P Condon Corp. v. State Line Contractors, Inc., 353 Mass. 137, 139, 228 N.E.2d 702 (1967); Marine Contractors Co., Inc. v. Hurley, --- Mass. ---, --- ^d, 310 N.E.2d 915(1974)), and whether the decree is within the scope of the pleadings and supported by those findings. Lukas v. Leventhal, 344 Mass. 762, 183 N.E.2d 879 (1962). Madigan v. McCann, 346 Mass. 62, 64, 190 N.E.2d 215 (1963); Marine Contractors Co. Inc. v. Hurley, supra. See also Foot v. Bauman, 333 Mass. 214, 219, 129 N.E.2d 916 (1955); Limoli v. Accettullo, 358 Mass. 381, 382, 265 N.E.2d 92 (1970). Although the master did not state whether his 'general findings of fact' were based solely upon his 'subsidiary' findings, he reported his subsidiary findings in such detail that it is reasonable to assume that they are all of the findings on which his general findings are based. Deyo v. Athol Housing Authy., 335 Mass. 459, 463, 140 N.E.2d 393 (1959); Larson v. Brockton Agricultural Soc., 344 Mass. 463, 465, 183 N.E.2d 292 (1962); Cohen v. Garelick, 344 Mass. 654, 659, 184 N.E.2d 56 (1962). It is, therefore, the duty of this court to draw its own inferences and reach its own conclusions from the master's subsidiary findings. Corrigan v. O'Brien, 353 Mass. 341, 345--346, 231 N.E.2d 554 (1967); Certified Pest Control Co., Inc. v. Kuiper, --- Mass.App. ---, --- ^e, 294 N.E.2d 548 (1973); Erickson v. Waltham, --- Mass.App. ---, --- ^f, 314 N.E.2d 139 (1974).

The plaintiffs and the defendant own adjoining parcels of land; they dispute the location of the boundary between their properties. Both the plaintiffs and the defendant trace their titles back to a remote common grantor (Hughes) who, the master found, had title to 'about 17 acres on the northerly side of Common Street' bounded on the west by Tiffany Road and on the east by Pine Street (later Leonard Lane). In 1928 Hughes conveyed 'the westerly one-half of (the) 17 acres' by a deed which described the boundary now in dispute as 'a line running from a point on Common Street midway between Tiffany Road and Pine Street running northerly to a point on the northern boundary of grantor's land at a point midway between Tiffany Road and Pine Street on said boundary.' This property has passed to the defendant by a subsequent deed (which used substantially similar language to describe the disputed boundary) and by devise.

In 1931 the Rockland Trust Company acquired the remainder of the parcel from Hughes; in 1932 that company conveyed this property by a deed characterizing it as '8 1/2 acres of land' and describing the disputed boundary as running from 'a stake (on Common Street) midway between Pine Street and Tiffany Road; thence northerly to a point on the northerly boundary of land formerly of . . . Hughes at a point midway between Tiffany Road and Pine Street.' There were two further conveyances of this property (both similarly describing the disputed boundary) prior to its subdivision, apparently in the early nineteen sixties.

In 1965 the southwesterly portion of the eastern tract was conveyed by a deed which described the boundaries of the lot by reference to a subdivision plan (the Bailey plan). A 1972 deed conveyed this lot (with an increase not here material) to the plaintiffs: this deed referred to another plan (the Feldman plan) showing the disputed boundary in the same place the earlier plan did. All the deeds have been duly recorded.

In 1971 the defendant, after seeing a for sale sign on the locus, hired a surveyor to survey her property; the resulting Jacobs plan showed the disputed boundary to be between forty feet (at its northern terminus) and seventy feet (at its southern terminus) east of its location in the two subdivision plans referred to in the plaintiff's chain of title. However, the master specifically found that those who made the Jacobs plan, like those who made the Bailey and Feldman plans, were unable to locate the point on the northern boundary of the original Hughes parcel midway between Tiffany Road and Pine Street--the point referred to in the early dees as the northerly terminus of the disputed boundary. Apparently because of the irregular course of the northern boundary, no surveyor could calculate a midpoint which was located on the Hughes parcel. ² A latent ambiguity in the descriptions of the disputed boundary contained in the various early deeds thus arose, and this ambiguity permits the use of extrinsic evidence to show the construction given to the deeds by the parties and their predecessors in title as manifested by their acts. Coyle v. Cleary, 116 Mass. 208, 209--210 (1874); Graves v. Broughton, 185 Mass. 174, 175--176, 69 N.E. 1083 (1904); Douglas v. Harty, 343 Mass. 775, 178 N.E.2d 916 (1961), and material cited. Ryan v. Stavros, 348 Mass. 251, 260, 203 N.E.2d 85 (1964). Contrast Iverson v. Swan, 169 Mass. 582, 583, 48 N.E. 282 (1897); Crawford v. Rolson, 256 Mass. 331, 336, 152 N.E. 319 (1926). Such acts of adjoining land owners are given ...