Jones v. Superintendent, Virginia State Farm
| Decision Date | 04 May 1972 |
| Docket Number | No. 71-1808.,71-1808. |
| Parties | Harold Lee JONES, Appellee, v. SUPERINTENDENT, VIRGINIA STATE FARM, Appellant. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Fourth Circuit |
Burnett Miller, III, Asst. Atty. Gen. of Virginia (Andrew P. Miller, Atty. Gen. of Virginia, on brief), for appellant.
William A. Reppy, Jr., Durham, N. C. (Court-appointed counsel), for appellee.
Before HAYNSWORTH, Chief Judge, and CRAVEN and FIELD, Circuit Judges.
The Superintendent of the Virginia State Farm appeals the order of the district court which requires him to produce the entire record of the petitioner's criminal convictions and the entire record of any state collateral proceedings. He urges upon us that the state is not required to furnish transcripts of any state judicial proceeding to the petitioner unless a need for them is shown. We agree, and vacate the order of the district court insofar as it requires the Superintendent to produce such transcripts.
Jones' petition to the district court, denominated a Petition for a Peremptory Writ of Mandamus with Motion for Judgment, requested the district court to order the respondent to forward to the petitioner all state court records relevant to his convictions in 1952 of robbery and felonious shooting. The petition was brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and it is clear that Jones wanted all of his records in order to see if these records disclosed any grounds upon which he could collaterally attack his convictions.1 The district court ordered the production of "the entire record of the state criminal cases in issue and the entire record of any state collateral litigation," specifically stating that these records were to include transcripts. By affidavit, the respondent claimed that there were no existing transcripts of the petitioner's trials in 1952 and there were "no notes from which the evidence may be reconstructed" but stated that there was a transcript of a 1968 state habeas corpus hearing in existence. Whether the petitioner has a constitutional right to examine this transcript, or to be furnished a copy thereof, is the question before us.
We think that the district court improvidently treated this petition as one for habeas corpus.2 Traditional habeas relief was not sought, and it is clear that jurisdiction was properly invoked under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 to decide whether the petitioner has a constitutional right to a transcript and to award appropriate relief if he has such a right.3 We interpret the order "requesting" the production of all records of petitioner's convictions and collateral proceedings as contemplating the transmission of any transcripts, or copies thereof, to the petitioner without further proceedings, and is therefore a final order appealable under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.
It is settled in this circuit that "an indigent is not entitled to a transcript at government expense without a showing of the need, merely to comb the record in the hope of discovering some flaw." United States v. Glass, 317 F.2d 200, 202 (4th Cir. 1963); accord, United States v. Shoaf, 341 F.2d 832 (4th Cir. 1964). It is equally clear that when a need for a transcript in order to collaterally attack a conviction is shown, equal protection and due process require the state to furnish an indigent prisoner such transcript without charge. Lane v. Brown, 372 U.S. 477, 83 S.Ct. 768, 9 L.Ed.2d 892 (1963); United States v. Shoaf, supra. The respondent contends that, consistent with these principles, the state may constitutionally decline to furnish an indigent with a transcript until a need for it is shown, even though the transcript is already in existence. We agree.
Although a transcript of the trial was erroneously prepared and available by the time United States v. Shoaf was decided on appeal, this court's decision was based on the nonexistence of the transcript at the time the district court made its ruling. The only distinction between Shoaf and this case is that the transcript here existed at the time the district court ruled, and therefore the expense and inconvenience to the state in supplying a transcript for the prisoner would have been minimal.
We hold the right to a transcript when needed to collaterally attack a conviction does not depend upon a balancing of the expense and administrative inconvenience to the state against the interest of a defendant in securing a trial free from constitutional error. The right is absolute, irrespective of expense or inconvenience to the state. Conversely, if no need is shown, there is no constitutional right to a...
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United States v. Collom
...as the right on direct appeal is consistent with the intent of Congress. 7 As Judge Craven noted in Jones v. Superintendent, Virginia State Farm, 460 F.2d 150, 153 n. 4 (CA4 1972), rehearing denied, 465 F.2d 1091, cert. denied, 410 U.S. 944, 93 S.Ct. 1380, 35 L.Ed.2d 611 (1973): "It has bee......
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Maccollom v. U.S., 73--1659
...entitled to a free transcript, without a showing of need, for use in preparing a petition for collateral relief. See, e.g., Jones v. Superintendent, 460 F.2d 150, 153, petition for rehearing denied, 465 F.2d 1091, (4th Cir. 1972), cert. denied, 410 U.S. 944, 93 S.Ct. 1380, 35 L.Ed.2d 611 (1......
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US v. Self, Civ. A. No. 94-K-2722. Crim. No. 93-CR-185.
...them under § 2255 and Rule 5 of the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases in the United States District Courts. C.f. Jones v. Superintendent, 460 F.2d 150, 153 (4th Cir.1972) (no right to transcript if legitimate need not shown); Bozeman v. United States, 354 F.Supp. 1262, 1263 (E.D.Va.1973) (......
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United States v. Fountain
...expense without a showing of need, merely to comb the record in the hope of discovering some flaw." Jones v. Superintendent, Virginia State Farm, 460 F.2d 150, 152 (4th Cir. 1972), cert. denied 410 U.S. 944, 93 S.Ct. 1380, 35 L.Ed.2d 611 (1973). Likewise, "across the board fishing expeditio......