Keating v. Zemel

• Decision Date: 05 September 1980
• Parties: John J. KEATING, Appellant, v. Reuben ZEMEL, M.D., Allegheny General Hospital, a non-profit corporation, and R. Zemel, a Pennsylvania professional Corporation, Robert Emmett Walley, III, M.D.
• Court: Pennsylvania Superior Court

Page 1181

421 A.2d 1181

281 Pa.Super. 129

John J. KEATING, Appellant, v. Reuben ZEMEL, M.D., Allegheny General Hospital, a non-profit corporation, and R. Zemel, a Pennsylvania professional Corporation, Robert Emmett Walley, III, M.D.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania.

Argued April 16, 1980.

Filed Sept. 5, 1980.

Michael R. Ford, Pittsburgh, for appellant.

David H. Trushel, Pittsburgh, for Zemel, appellee.

George M. Weis, Pittsburgh, for Allegheny Hospital, appellee.

Thomas J. Reinstadtler, Pittsburgh, for Walley, appellee.

Before CAVANAUGH, HOFFMAN and VAN der VOORT, JJ.

CAVANAUGH, Judge:

This appeal is from the grant of a motion for summary judgment in favor of appellee, Robert Emmett Walley, III, M.D., and against appellant, John J. Keating. Walley is one of three defendants in a medical malpractice action brought by Keating.

Summary judgment may only be granted "if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Pa.R.C.P. 1035(b). On appeal the record must be examined in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. Bollinger v. Palmerton Area Com. Endeavor, Inc., 241 Pa.Super. 341, 361 A.2d 676 (1976); Lane v. Schacht, 260 Pa.Super. 68, 393 A.2d 1015 (1978). In compliance with this standard we recite the factual history from undisputed facts of record or those contained in appellant's affidavit filed in opposition to appellee's motion for summary judgment. ¹

Appellant underwent surgery on June 6, 1974, and it is now apparent that a foreign body was left in appellant at the situs of his abdominal surgery. After complaint of pain a further procedure was performed on October 14, 1975, and the foreign body was removed. Within two years of the latter date, suit was instituted against the surgeon in the 1974 operation, Reuben Zemel, M.D. and the Allegheny General Hospital. Appellant's original theory was that Dr. Zemel employed a sixteen-inch red rubber catheter at the site of the surgery and negligently failed to remove it. He alleged that the presence of the foreign body went undiscovered until its removal by endoscopy on October 14, 1975. Appellant relied upon portions of the Allegheny General Hospital records in identifying the foreign body. For example, the "Final Diagnosis" states, "(1) Foreign body (sixteen-inch rubber catheter) from stomach and along curve of duodenum." The object is similarly described in the discharge summary. This description found its way into appellant's past medical history during a subsequent hospitalization and was also relied upon by appellant's consultant, Cyril H. Wecht, in the formation of his opinions concerning the case. However, the hospital record is at least to some degree ambiguous since the gastrointestinal endoscopy report relating to the removal of the foreign body mentions it three times as simply "tube" (with a blank space before the word in each instance). On June 3, 1977, still within two years of the discovery of the foreign object and the removal by endoscopy, appellant's counsel took the deposition of Dr. Brodmerkel, the physician who performed the gastrointestinal endoscopy. He denied knowledge of the origin of the tube, but described it as buff yellow and gave a manufacturer's identification. Previously, on deposition, Dr. Zemel had denied any knowledge of the tube removed from appellant. Finally, on June 28, 1978, well beyond two years after the removal of the tube, Dr. Zemel's attorney took the deposition of appellee, Dr. Walley, who had been the attending anesthesiologist at the surgery in 1974 when the offending object was left in the body of appellant. At the deposition Dr. Walley stated that the tube removed from appellant was a tube used by him in the 1974 surgery and that it was not red rubber but, in fact, was plastic.

The trial court concluded that an amended complaint thereafter filed against Dr. Walley was beyond the statute of limitations and dismissed the complaint. ² Appellant relies upon Grubb v. Albert Einstein Medical Center, 255 Pa.Super. 381, 387 A.2d 480 (1978) for authority that the statute of limitations did not run on his claim against Dr. Walley, arguing that his culpability could not have reasonably been ascertained at least until the date of Dr. Brodmerkel's deposition on June 3, 1977, and that the limitations period should commence from that date. Grubb adopted language from a United States District Court case which purported to enunciate the applicable Pennsylvania rule. Our Court in Grubb quoted from Carney v. Barnett, 278 F.Supp. 572 (E.D.Pa.1967), as follows:

"... The statute begins to run as of the date of the injuries unless, in the exercise of reasonable diligence, the plaintiff could not have ascertained defendant's culpability in the statutory period. When that culpability could not reasonably have been so ascertained, the statute begins to run as of the date it could reasonably have been discovered." ³

Grubb, supra, 255 Pa.Super. at 399-400, 387 A.2d at 489.

Grubb applied this principle to a plaintiff who suffered quadriplegia as the result of a surgical misadventure. Although suit was begun against the physicians and the hospital within two years, the manufacturer of an allegedly defective surgical device was not joined until thirteen days after the second anniversary of the operation. Our Court stated that there was no record in the evidence that the patient was in a position thirteen days after her operation to determine the causal relationship between her injuries and the surgical instrument. The Court also found, without stating why, that it was not until over two years after the surgery that the plaintiff was able to take a deposition of a physician and review the post-operative memorandum. As a result the...