Lake Sadawga Dam, In re

• Decision Date: 02 March 1960
• Docket Number: No. 1141,1141
• Citation: 121 Vt. 367,159 A.2d 337
• Parties: In re LAKE SADAWGA DAM.
• Court: Vermont Supreme Court

Page 337

159 A.2d 337

121 Vt. 367

In re LAKE SADAWGA DAM.

No. 1141.

Supreme Court of Vermont.

March 2, 1960.

Ralph Chapman, Brattleboro, Victor A. Agostini, Bennington, for appellant.

Francis E. Morrissey and John P. Morrissey, Bennington, for appellees.

Louis P. Peck, Legal Asst. to Atty. Gen., Montpelier, for the State.

Before HULBURD, C. J., HOLDEN and SHANGRAW, JJ., and DIVOLL and DALEY, Superior Judges.

HULBURD, Chief Justice.

In 1947 the legislature brought into being the Vermont State Water Conservation Board. In setting up this body, the creating statute expressly provided that its authority 'shall not infringe upon the powers and duties of * * * the public service commission respecting water used for the development of hydroelectric power.' Sec. 5 of No. 83 of the Acts of 1947. The succeeding legislature by No. 223 of the Acts of 1949 further apportioned powers between the public service commission and the water conservation board, this time with respect to dams. Just where the line was drawn between the two need not be gone into at present. The important thing to note is that neither body was given authority as to all dams. (By No. 203 of the Acts of 1959, the line of demarcation between the domains of the public service commission and the water conservation board were drawn a little more precisely, but to go into this would be to get ahead of our present concern.)

With the statutory situation being as we have outlined it, in 1956 a petition was presented to the water conservation board by various property owners requesting regulation of the water level of Lake Sadawga. Hearings were had, and an 'interim order' issued requiring Houghton N. Sawyer, owner of the dam and appellant in this proceeding, to maintain the water at a specified level. Sawyer complied with the order but took an appeal with respect to it to Windham County Court of Chancery. Prior to the outcome of this appeal, the board, upon its own motion, initiated proceedings under what was then V.S. 47, § 9407 as amended by No. 223 of the Acts of 1949 (now 10 V.S.A. § 714). In so doing, the water board undertook to inquire into the safety of the dam in question and to order its reconstruction, repair or removal as might be necessary. By initiating this sort of action, the same board which was in the process of determining a dispute between parties, became, in effect, a plaintiff in a closely related matter. Thus the judge became, at the same time, a prosecutor. Such a situation calls for appropriate circumspection on the part of the reviewing court.

This case is here on appeal (taken pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 718) from an order of the board wherein Sawyer, as the owner of the dam, was ordered to effect certain specified changes in height and width of its spillway for safety reasons. This order followed interspersed hearings on both the water-level question and the damsafety problem. It is the order concerning dam-safety which is here for review. The extended hearings relative to this question finally eventuated in findings of fact whose meager substance may be summarized as follows:

At the outlet of Lake Sadawga in Whitingham, Vermont, is a concrete and masonry dam. Title to this structure is in the appellant. The pond itself has a surface area of approximately 202 acres when filled to its spillway capacity as it existed 'at the time of the initial proceeding.' Its drainage area is approximately 4.33 square miles. The findings then go on to state:

'6. Sufficient flood capacity cannot be obtained with the outlet structure as it existed at the date of the initial proceedings or by any other means without alteration of said structure, and accordingly, as it existed at the time of said initial proceedings the structure was not safe.

'7. There is no one presently charged with the responsibility of operating the outlet gates of the dam in case of flood or other emergency conditions and in fact the gates are presently partially inoperable.'

In the following finding, the board quotes from its order fixing the water level in the other proceeding referred to earlier. (As to this order it must be remembered that an appeal is now pending in Windham County Court of Chancery.) The apparent purpose of bringing into the findings the order in the other proceeding was to make explicit how the appellant could meet the previous order and the one about to issue in this matter. The findings then proceeded to offer two possibilities, one basically requiring fully operative gates plus a gatekeepe in constant attendance, the other an alteration of the height and width...