Lee v. State
Decision Date | 25 May 1937 |
Docket Number | 6 Div. 37 |
Citation | 27 Ala.App. 568,176 So. 828 |
Parties | LEE v. STATE. |
Court | Alabama Court of Appeals |
Rehearing Denied June 15, 1937
Appeal from Circuit Court, Jefferson County; J.Q. Smith, Judge.
C.W Lee was convicted of arson, and he appeals.
Affirmed.
Certiorari denied by Supreme Court in Lee v. State, 176 So 832.
Jim Gibson, of Birmingham, for appellant.
A.A. Carmichael, Atty. Gen., and Clarence M. Small, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
We will accept just as written by his resourceful attorney appellant's own statement of the case presented, to wit:
Said count 2 of the indictment followed the form outlined in Code 1928, § 3289, and was sufficient against demurrer.
Proof that appellant occupied the house alleged to have been burned as tenant--not owner--met the requirements of the law; to the end that appellant was not entitled to have the jury given at his request the general affirmative charge to find in his favor as for a variance between the allegata and probata--the said count 2 of the indictment having charged that appellant "willfully set fire to or burned *** a dwelling house, the property of himself." (Italics ours.) Johnson v. State, 1 Ala.App. 148, 55 So. 268; Id., 1 Ala.App. 151, 55 So. 445. As was said by the then Presiding Judge Walker, in the opinion in the first of the cases just cited: "Under our statutes, as was the case at the common law, arson is an offense against the possession, rather than the property."
The exceptions reserved on the taking of testimony appear to us so clearly without merit as to need no detailed discussion.
The issues were properly, fairly, and under correct instructions by the court, submitted to the jury for its decision. The evidence amply supported its finding.
The most, as we read the record, the only, serious question presented arises out of the action of the learned trial judge which we will now discuss.
The bill of exceptions recites the following, to wit:
It was, of course, error on the part of the court to decline to consider and indorse "given" or "refused" the written charges mentioned in the first of the two excerpts we have quoted from the bill of exceptions. Kiker v. State (Ala.App.) 172 So. 288.
But as was well said by Bricken, P.J., in the opinion in the case of Jerry Collins v. State (Ala.App.) 176 So. 219, "Certainly erroneous charges requested by defendant and not passed upon could not avail the defendant in any manner." In this Jerry Collins Case the written charges requested, and which the trial court refused to pass upon and indorse either "given" or "refused," were embodied in the bill of exceptions, with an exception noted to each such refusal (i.e., refusal to consider the charge). In such situation Judge Bricken, for the court, very properly, we yet think, proceeded to examine each of said charges with a view to determining whether or not the undoubted error on the part of the trial court was or was not prejudicial to appellant.
Here, only one of the written charges which the trial court declined to pass upon is set out in the bill of exceptions. An examination of this charge reveals that the trial court would have been under no duty to give it, even if he had considered it, this for the reason that the substance of said charge was amply covered by and included in other written charges given at appellant's request, in connection with the trial court's oral charge--assuming, only for the purpose, that said written charge was not defective.
As for the other written charges mentioned in the first of the two excerpts we have quoted from the bill of exceptions, they, not appearing in the bill of exceptions, as was the case in Jerry Collins v. State, supra, and not being indorsed "given" or "refused," are not before us for any purpose. Kiker v. State, 233 Ala. 448, 172 So. 290. And this is true even though there appears on a page in the transcript of the record, proper, a number of purportedly "written charges," unindorsed in any way, under a general caption at the head of said pages, as follows, to wit: "Charges presented by defendant and not ruled on by the court."
Said written charges not being before us, we are, of course, unable to say that the declination of the court to pass upon them--or upon any one of them--"probably injuriously affected substantial rights" of the defendant (appellant). In which event we are, of course, forbidden to order a reversal of the judgment of conviction therefor.
Some confusion seeming apparent in this matter of "requested written charges" in the circuit courts--especially in Jefferson county (the circuit court in no other, so far as we are advised, having undertaken to adopt a rule limiting the number of same)--we will here undertake a summary or epitome of what this court, in connection with, and by the approval of, the Supreme Court, lays down as the law governing, to wit:
(1) It is error for the trial court to refuse to govern itself by the provisions of Code 1923, § 9509--"rule," or no "rule." Kiker v. State, supra; L.B. Porter v State (Ala.App.) 174 So. 313; James Ed Glenn v. State (Ala.App.) 174 So. 315; response by Supreme Court to certification by Presiding...
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Moore v. State, 7 Div. 137
...section cited supra. See also, Glenn v. State, 27 Ala.App. 433, 174 So. 315; Porter v. State, 27 Ala.App. 441, 174 So. 313; Lee v. State, 27 Ala.App. 568, 176 So. 828; Jackson v. State, 24 Ala.App. 601, 139 So. 576. In the state of the instant record we must determine whether or not the ref......
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Cotton v. State
...section cited supra. See also, Glenn v. State, 27 Ala.App. 433, 174 So. 315; Porter v. State, 27 Ala.App. 441, 174 So. 313; Lee v. State, 27 Ala.App. 568, 176 So. 828. We are compelled, therefore, to review the refused charges on the basis of their legal accuracy, independently of the reaso......
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Lee v. State, 6 Div. 172
...of C.W. Lee for certiorari to Court of Appeals to review and revise the judgment and decision of that Court in the case of C.W. Lee v. State, 176 So. 828. denied. ANDERSON, C.J., and GARDNER and BOULDIN, JJ., concur. ...