Marrero v. United States

• Decision Date: 27 June 2013
• Docket Number: No. 12–6355.,12–6355.
• Parties: Ricardo MARRERO, Petitioner v. UNITED STATES.
• Court: U.S. Supreme Court

570 U.S. 929

133 S.Ct. 2732 (Mem)

186 L.Ed.2d 930

Ricardo MARRERO, Petitioner

v.UNITED STATES.

No. 12–6355.

Supreme Court of the United States

June 27, 2013.

The motion of petitioner for leave to proceed in forma pauperis and the petition for a writ of certiorari are granted. The judgment is vacated, and the case is remanded to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit for further consideration in light of Descamps v. United States, 570 U.S. ––––, 133 S.Ct. 2276, 186 L.Ed.2d 438, 2013 WL 3064407 (2013).

Justice ALITO, with whom Justice KENNEDY joins, dissenting.

The Court's decision to grant, vacate, and remand shows that the Court's elaboration of its "modified categorical" approach has completely lost touch with reality.

In this case, the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit held that petitioner qualifies as a career offender for purposes of the United States Sentencing Commission, Guidelines Manual § 4B1.1 (Nov. 2012), based in part on a prior conviction under Pennsylvania law for simple assault, Pa. Stat. Ann., Tit. 18, § 2701(a) (Purdon 2000), which applies to a defendant who "attempts to cause or intentionally, knowingly or recklessly causes bodily injury to another." Based on what petitioner said when he pleaded guilty to this offense, the Court of Appeals concluded that petitioner had admitted—and had thus been convicted of—intentional or at least knowing conduct and not simply reckless conduct. See 677 F.3d 155, 160–162 (2012). I see nothing lacking in the Court of Appeals' analysis.

The Pennsylvania statute is "divisible" because it contains alternative elements. See Descamps v. United States, 570 U.S. at –––– – ––––, ––––, 133 S.Ct. 2276, ante, at 1–2, 6. Under this Court's precedents, the modified categorical approach applies to divisible statutes, see 570 U.S. at ––––, ––––, 133 S.Ct. 2276, ante, at 6, 23, and courts applying that approach may consult the plea colloquy to "determin[e] which statutory phrase ... covered a prior conviction," Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 41, 129 S.Ct. 2294, 174 L.Ed.2d 22 (2009) ; see Shepard v. United States, 544 U.S. 13, 20, 125 S.Ct. 1254, 161 L.Ed.2d 205 (2005).

When petitioner pleaded guilty, this is what was said:

" ‘[Assistant District Attorney]: On ... April 27, 2004, ... [petitioner] grabbed Mrs. Marrero by the neck, attempting to drag her upstairs to the second floor. When she tried to make a phone call, he ripped the phone cord out of the wall as she was attempting to call 911.’ "

" ‘The Court: Do you

...