Massachusetts Bonding & Ins. Co. v. Johnston & Harder, Inc.
| Decision Date | 09 May 1938 |
| Docket Number | 124 |
| Citation | 199 A. 216,330 Pa. 336 |
| Parties | Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Company, Appellant, v. Johnston & Harder, Inc., et al |
| Court | Pennsylvania Supreme Court |
Argued March 28, 1938
Appeal, No. 124, March T., 1938, from order of C.P. Allegheny Co., April T., 1937, No. 460, in case of Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Company v. Johnston & Harder, Inc., et al. Appeal quashed.
Bill in equity.
The opinion of the Supreme Court states the facts.
Preliminary objections by plaintiff to defendants' answers dismissed with leave to plaintiff to file a reply to defendant's new matter. Plaintiff appealed.
Error assigned, among others, was overruling of preliminary objections.
Appeal quashed.
T. F Ryan, with him J. H. Bialas, of Bialas & Ryan, for appellant.
Wm. G. Bechman, of Rose, Bechman & Dunn, with him Charles L. McCormick, for appellees.
Before KEPHART, C.J., SCHAFFER, MAXEY, DREW, LINN, STERN and BARNES, JJ.
Johnston & Harder, Inc., was appellant's general agent in Western Pennsylvania for its insurance business. Affiliated Insurance Agencies, Inc., was the collector of insurance premiums for Johnston & Harder, Inc. Appellant filed a bill for an accounting against both of these companies. The agent filed an answer containing, as ancillary to its principal defense, a complaint under "new matter" and a request for affirmative relief. Therein it set up a counterclaim for unliquidated damages for the unlawful cancellation of the agency contract by appellant and the fraudulent seizure of their business. The other defendant, Affiliated, admitted it had $15,531.72 in its possession which was claimed by both the other defendant and appellant. It took the position that it was a mere stakeholder between parties adversely claiming the fund. This money was paid into court. Appellant filed preliminary objections challenging the right of defendants, appellees, to file separate answers, and attacking the answer of Johnston & Harder, Inc., as unresponsive and improper because it set up a separate and distinct cause of action. The objections were dismissed and appellant was directed to file a reply to the "new matter."
Before discussing the question of whether the appeal is from an interlocutory decree, we will consider briefly appellant's preliminary objection that the "new matter" constituted a separate cause of action unresponsive to the bill.
Since the claim was for unliquidated damages, appellant insists appellee must pursue its appropriate legal remedy by separate suit. This conclusion entirely ignores the basis of appellant's bill of complaint. The subject-matter contained in detail under the heading "new matter" was not only responsive to the bill but germane to the cause of action therein. Appellant asked the aid of equity to obtain an accounting. The right grew out of an agency contract and its termination. The answer states that because appellant breached the contract and practiced fraud, its agent was entitled to withhold the funds until the damages could be assessed and compensation made for the unlawful cancellation of the contract and the seizure of the agent's business. The broad controversy arising over the relationship between the parties as principal and agent was involved in the bill and answers. Equity having assumed jurisdiction over a cause of action will retain it for the purpose of effecting complete justice between the parties, even though there is included in such determination the settlement of unliquidated claims for damages. Equity, in these circumstances, is competent to dispose of the entire controversy to prevent unnecessary litigation: Wally et al. v. Wally et al., 286 Pa. 413, 417; Stone v. New Schiller B. & L. Assn., 310 Pa. 196. Appellant having engaged the power of a court of equity to procure an accounting and force the payment to it of all funds in the hands of the agent, it would be grossly inequitable to permit this to be done while withholding from the agent the right to have determined a perfectly just claim against these funds and the principal. Moreover, the answer bears a direct relation to appellant's cause of action, and comes within the purview of our Equity Rule 52 which permits affirmative relief to be granted to a defendant. [*]
While it is true, as appellant contends, that a set-off cannot be pleaded against funds held in trust (Kelter, Trustee, v....
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