McInerney's, Inc. v. Dunford, 70

• Decision Date: 29 December 1954
• Docket Number: No. 70,70
• Citation: 341 Mich. 477,67 N.W.2d 727
• Parties: McINERNEY'S, Inc., a Michigan Corporation, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. William C. DUNFORD and Edna Dunford, individually and jointly doing business as Dunford Hatchery and Poultry Farm, Defendants and Appellant.
• Court: Michigan Supreme Court

Page 727

67 N.W.2d 727

341 Mich. 477

McINERNEY'S, Inc., a Michigan Corporation, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. William C. DUNFORD and Edna Dunford, individually and jointly doing business as Dunford Hatchery and Poultry Farm, Defendants and Appellant.

No. 70.

Supreme Court of Michigan.

Dec. 29, 1954.

Carl A. Braun, Royal Oak, for appellant Edna Dunford.

Bartlette E. Nutter, Detroit, Beer, Osgood, Currah & Rowston, Pontiac, for appellee McInerney's Inc.

Before the Entire Bench.

REID, Justice.

This action was begun by filing of declaration and notice to plead, with affidavit of account stated, on March 27, 1952. From a judgment for plaintiff taken after entry of defendants' default, defendant Edna Dunford takes an appeal.

Though not so described in the declaration nor in any pleading on the part of plaintiff, the defendants William C. Dunford and Edna Dunford were at the time of service upon them as defendants of a copy of the declaration and rule to plead, on March 27, 1952, actually husband and wife. A divorce cause was then pending between the two parties. Defendant William C. Dunford had filed a bill for divorce on May 18, 1951, in which the attorney J. Harold Steffes appeared as the attorney for William C. Dunford as plaintiff.

On July 3, 1952, the calendar entry in the instant case shows, 'Affidavit of failure of defendants to appear and plead filed.' And further, 'Order of default of defendants for failure to appear and plead filed.' The proceeding to take the default and the default itself were due and regular. The order of default entered July 3, 1952, contains the following:

'It is ordered that defendants William C. Dunford and Edna Dunford, and each of them be and they hereby are defaulted for failure to appear and plead, and that said cause be referred to the court for assessment of plaintiff's damages.'

On July 8, 1952, five days after the order of default, J. Harold Steffes appeared in the instant case as the attorney for defendants. Apparently he then was still the attorney for the husband, William C. Dunford, in the divorce action. On July 21, 1952, the attorney for plaintiff mailed to Mr. Steffes a copy of the praecipe for entry of default judgment. Plaintiff says the mailing to Mr. Steffes was 'as a matter of courtesy.'

Defendant Edna Dunford claims that the entry of appearance of Mr. Steffes as attorney for both defendants, was irregular as to her and without her consent or knowledge, Mr. Steffes being then the attorney for her husband. (The parties have since been divorced, November 30, 1953.) Defendant Edna Dunford states that Mr. Steffes is now deceased.

If Mr. Steffes was in no wise authorized by defendant Edna Dunford to appear for her, then she did not cause any appearance to be made on her behalf in this lawsuit until January 29, 1954, when she appeared by her present attorney, Carl A. Braun.

Judgment on default was taken by plaintiff, July 28, 1952. No step was taken nor motion made by defendant Edna Dunford on July 3, 1952, when her default was duly and regularly entered, nor at any time thereafter, to set aside the default. On January 29, 1954, as heretofore recited, she appeared by her present attorney, Carl A. Braun. On February 9, 1954, by her present attorney, she gave notice to plaintiff of motion to set aside the judgment and for a new trial but did not include in said motion, a prayer to set aside the default. In the motion, she prayed that the default judgment be set aside and claimed that it was without notice to her, that the judgment was a miscarriage of justice, that the evidence offered upon the hearing of the praecipe for default judgment was inadequate, incompetent and that the proof did not create a joint liability against Edna Dunford as the wife of William C. Dunford.

Rule 28 of the Michigan court rules in section 4 contains the following:

'In all cases where personal service shall have been made upon a defendant, and proceedings taken after default on the strength thereof, his default shall not be set aside unless the application shall be made within 4 months after such default is regularly filed or entered.'

C.L.1948, sec. 620.1, Stat.Ann. sec. 27.1351, is in part as follows:

'Upon due proof of service of any declaration or process requiring an appearance, answer or plea, or upon due proof of publication of an order for defendant's appearance, or of the personal service of such order, a default may be filed or entered against the defendant for want of such appearance, answer or plea, within the time provided by law, or by rule of court, and the same proceedings may be had against said defendant in all respects as if he had appeared, answered or plead thereto.'

Honigman, Michigan Court Rules Annotated, states, p. 274. 'There is no conflict between the rule and the statutory provision for taking of default.'

This statement of Honigman is correct as far as is applicable to the issues in the instant case.

Plaintiff seeks in her motion made by attorney Braun, to assert her rights as a married woman but took no steps to assert such rights prior to the above noted appearance by attorney Braun for her, about 18 months after the default judgment was entered. Coverture is an affirmative defense and must be pleaded.

'Ordinarily the defense of coverture must be specially pleaded particularly where plaintiff's pleading does not show that defendant is a married woman. The sufficiency of the plea depends on the extent of the disabilities existing in the various jurisdictions.' 41 C.J.S., Husband and Wife, § 436, p. 931. See cases there cited.

Where plaintiff secured default judgment in action for breach of purchase contract, and on defendant's motion that default be set aside and new...