MGM Court Reporting Service, Inc. v. Greenberg

Decision Date06 June 1989
Citation74 N.Y.2d 691,541 N.E.2d 405,543 N.Y.S.2d 376
Parties, 541 N.E.2d 405 ., Appellant, v. Stanley GREENBERG et al., Respondents. Court of Appeals of New York
CourtNew York Court of Appeals Court of Appeals
OPINION OF THE COURT MEMORANDUM.

The order of the Appellate Division should be affirmed, with costs.

In 1984, defendant Stanley Greenberg owned 40% and Michael Yesner owned 60% of the outstanding shares of plaintiff MGM Court Reporting Service, Inc. (MGM), a close corporation engaged in the business of providing stenographic reporting services. In August of that year, contending that Yesner had engaged in a campaign to freeze him out of MGM's business, Greenberg commenced a proceeding seeking dissolution of the corporation pursuant to Business Corporation Law § 1104-a. In response, Yesner and MGM exercised the option provided in Business Corporation Law § 1118 and elected to purchase Greenberg's shares at fair value rather than have the corporation dissolved (see, Business Corporation Law § 1118).

The record reveals that the parties and their respective counsel engaged in extensive settlement negotiations which culminated in the execution of a settlement agreement. The agreement provided that the "fair value and purchase price" of Greenberg's shares was $175,000 and that: "Stanley Greenberg acknowledges that MGM performs services for companies known as JJ Court Reporting Service, Dunbar Court Reporting Service and Suzanne Hand Court Reporting Service and that performance of these services constitutes part of the business of MGM. Greenberg agrees and covenants that he shall in no respect attempt to or perform any services, whether directly or indirectly, whether as an officer, agent, partner, employee for any company, independent contractor or otherwise for the aforementioned JJ Court Reporting Service, Dunbar Court Reporting Service and Suzanne Hand Court Reporting Service, or their successors or assigns for a period of 5 years." The agreement further provided that it "represent[ed] the parties' entire agreement" as to the sale.

Greenberg subsequently established his own court reporting business under the name of Precise Court Reporting Service, Inc., a codefendant herein, and allegedly began soliciting some of plaintiff's clients. This action ensued. To the extent relevant here, the complaint seeks damages in its first cause of action based upon Greenberg's alleged breach of an implied restrictive covenant against impairment of plaintiff's goodwill by soliciting its clients. Additionally, the fifth cause of action alleges a breach of Greenberg's fiduciary duty arising from his alleged breach of this implied covenant.

Concluding that a nonsolicitation...

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10 cases
  • Ritani, LLC v. Aghjayan
    • United States
    • U.S. District Court — Southern District of New York
    • July 20, 2012
    ...143 A.D.2d 404, 532 N.Y.S.2d 553 (2d Dep't 1988) (forced sale of stock outside Mohawk ), aff'd on other grounds, 74 N.Y.2d 691, 543 N.Y.S.2d 376, 541 N.E.2d 405 (1989) (shareholders divided up customer list for a period of 5 years so Mohawk does not apply). Here, Ritani negotiated a restric......
  • Csi Grp., LLP v. Harper
    • United States
    • New York Supreme Court — Appellate Division
    • September 20, 2017
    ...nonsolicitation agreement which was of limited duration and restricted only to "tax clients" (see MGM Ct. Reporting Serv. v. Greenberg, 74 N.Y.2d 691, 543 N.Y.S.2d 376, 541 N.E.2d 405 ; First Am. Tit. Ins. Co. of N.Y., Inc. v. Benchmark Tit. Agency LLC, 48 A.D.3d 327, 851 N.Y.S.2d 523 ; Mit......
  • North Atlantic Instruments v. Haber
    • United States
    • U.S. Court of Appeals — Second Circuit
    • August 1, 1998
    ...where the parties specifically negotiate and expressly agree to impose a less onerous restriction. See MGM Court Reporting Serv., Inc. v. Greenberg, 74 N.Y.2d 691, 693 (1989); Goldome Corp. v. Wittig, 221 A.D.2d 931, 933 (1995); Titus & Donnelly, Inc. v. Poto, 205 A.D.2d 475 (1994)(mem.); A......
  • York Grp., Inc. v. Pontone
    • United States
    • U.S. District Court — Western District of Pennsylvania
    • March 6, 2014
    ...amenable to suit on the theory that they breached the implied covenant not to solicit former customers. MGM Court Reporting Service, Inc. v.Greenberg, 541 N.E.2d 405, 406 (N.Y. 1989). This court previously recognized that New York law permits parties to waive the implied covenant by agreeme......
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