Moeller v. Attorney General of State of S.D.

• Decision Date: 05 February 1988
• Docket Number: No. 87-5192,87-5192
• Citation: 838 F.2d 309
• Parties: Kyle Chris MOELLER, Appellant, v. The ATTORNEY GENERAL OF the STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA and Jerry Parkinson, Chief Court Services Officer, Court Services Department, Sixth Judicial Circuit, Appellees.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

Page 309

838 F.2d 309

Kyle Chris MOELLER, Appellant, v. The ATTORNEY GENERAL OF the STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA and Jerry Parkinson, Chief Court Services Officer, Court Services Department, Sixth Judicial Circuit, Appellees.

No. 87-5192.

United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.

Submitted Dec. 16, 1987.

Decided Feb. 5, 1988.

J.M. Grossenburg, Winner, S.D., for appellant.

Craig M. Eichstadt, Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellees.

Before ARNOLD and FAGG, Circuit Judges, and LARSON, ^* Senior District Judge.

ARNOLD, Circuit Judge.

This is a petition for habeas corpus brought under 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2254 by Kyle Chris Moeller, a prisoner in state custody. ¹ He claims that no rational jury could have found him guilty of the cocaine-related offenses for which he has been sentenced. The District Court ² held against petitioner, and we affirm.

Under Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979), federal habeas corpus lies to determine whether any rational jury could have found a state prisoner guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. In reviewing such a claim, we look solely to the record of the state trial. There is therefore no need for an evidentiary hearing in the habeas court, and the District Court was right not to hold one. By hypothesis, any such claim will be brought only after the state courts, trial and appellate, have held the evidence sufficient to establish each element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. That sort of question is everyday business for the state courts, grist for their mill, and it will be a rare case in which a federal court on habeas will disagree with them.

It is not denied that Moeller distributed cocaine to an undercover police agent. He claims, however, that he was entrapped; more specifically, that no rational jury could have found that the state had proved beyond a reasonable doubt that he was not entrapped. Having weighed all the arguments so vigorously advanced by petitioner's counsel, we are unable to agree. At a time when Moeller had seen the agent only once before, and that on a casual basis nine months earlier, Moeller gave the agent some marijuana, an act which constitutes the crime of distribution. (Marijuana is not cocaine, to be sure, but, in the context of this case, we think one could rationally infer that someone who readily distributed marijuana would not be indisposed to distribute cocaine as well.) Later, when asked by the agent to come to a meeting with drugs, Moeller showed up with cocaine, which he proceeded to deliver to the agent. Moeller says the cocaine (as opposed to some other drug) was the agent's idea, and the agent himself so testified at one point. But later in his testimony, speaking in greater detail, the agent said it was Moeller's idea to bring the...