Muhammad v. Secretary of Army
| Decision Date | 05 September 1985 |
| Docket Number | No. 85-3541,85-3541 |
| Citation | 770 F.2d 1494 |
| Parties | Abdullah MUHAMMAD, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. SECRETARY OF the ARMY, et al., Defendants-Appellees. . Submitted * |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Ninth Circuit |
Abdullah Muhammad, pro se.
Gene S. Anderson, U.S. Atty., Richard E. Cohen, Asst. U.S. Atty., Seattle, Wash., Craig Niederpruen, Washington, D.C., for defendants-appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington.
Before WRIGHT, PREGERSON, and ALARCON, Circuit Judges.
Abdullah Muhammad challenges his discharge from the Army on the following grounds: breach of contract, deprivation of civil rights, cruel and unusual punishment, denial of equal protection and due process, negligence, and medical malpractice. We must determine whether the district court properly dismissed the action for failure to exhaust intra-service administrative remedies.
FACTS:
Muhammad enlisted in the Army in April, 1981 and was discharged on March 11, 1982 for fraudulently enlisting without divulging prior convictions as required in the enlistment process. On the required forms he indicated that he had been arrested but the only offense listed was a $10 parking violation. He indicated he had never spent time in prison. Based on this information, he was enlisted in the Army.
On July 18, 1980, before enlisting, Muhammad legally changed his name from Leon Williams to Abdullah Muhammad. He had been arrested as Williams 18 times on charges including theft, assault, robbery and rape and was convicted and incarcerated for some of them.
In October, 1981, Army officials learned of this extensive criminal record. His commander instituted separation procedures, of which Muhammad was notified. He consulted with an attorney and provided statements on his own behalf. On March 12, 1982, his enlistment was voided for fraudulent entry and he was released from service. His service was not characterized as honorable or dishonorable because of its short duration.
ANALYSIS:
Military discharge decisions are subject to judicial review. Denton v. Secretary of the Air Force, 483 F.2d 21, 24 (9th Cir.1973), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 1146, 94 S.Ct. 900, 39 L.Ed.2d 102 (1974); Schlanger v. United States, 586 F.2d 667, 671 (9th Cir.1978), cert. denied, 441 U.S. 943, 99 S.Ct. 2161, 60 L.Ed.2d 1045 (1979).
We ordinarily require exhaustion of an agency's remedies before we will review an administrative decision. Myers v. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., 303 U.S. 41, 51-52, 58 S.Ct. 459, 463-464, 82 L.Ed.2d 638 (1938). Strict application of the exhaustion requirement in military discharge cases maintains the balance between military authority and the federal courts. Von Hoffburg v. Alexander, 615 F.2d 633, 637 (5th Cir.1980). The Fifth Circuit has noted four circumstances in which exhaustion will not be required: (1) if the remedies do not provide an opportunity for adequate relief; (2) if the petitioner will suffer irreparable harm if compelled to seek administrative relief; (3) if administrative appeal would be futile; or (4) if substantial constitutional questions are raised. Id. at 638. No circumstances negating the exhaustion requirement exist here.
BREACH OF CONTRACT:
Muhammad claims that the recruiter was aware that Muhammad had changed names and told him not to include prior convictions under his former name on his enlistment forms. He alleges that the Army has breached its four-year enlistment contract with him and requests reinstatement with back pay, promotions and money damages.
The breach of contract claim is reviewable by the Army Board for Correction of Military Records (ABCMR), which can grant the requested reinstatement to active duty and back pay. See 10 U.S.C. Sec. 1552. The appellant has available to him the additional procedures of filing an Article 138 (UCMJ) complaint under 10 U.S.C. Sec. 938 and filing a claim for relief under Army Regulation 600-21 (Equal Opportunity Program in the Army).
CONSTITUTIONAL CLAIMS:
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