Multimedia KSDK, Inc., Application of

• Decision Date: 13 November 1991
• Docket Number: No. 5-91-0369,5-91-0369
• Parties: , 163 Ill.Dec. 757, 19 Media L. Rep. 1666 In re Application of MULTIMEDIA KSDK, INC., Petitioner-Appellant.
• Court: United States Appellate Court of Illinois

Page 911

581 N.E.2d 911

221 Ill.App.3d 199, 163 Ill.Dec. 757,

19 Media L. Rep. 1666

In re Application of MULTIMEDIA KSDK, INC., Petitioner-Appellant.

No. 5-91-0369.

Appellate Court of Illinois Fifth District.

Nov. 13, 1991.

Gerald R. Orbals, pro hac vice, Donald P. Wray, Jr., Greensfelder, Hemker & Gale, P.C., St. Louis, Mo., for petitioner-appellant.

John J. Rekowski, Madison County Public Defender, Edwardsville, for Jane Doe.

Robert B. Hoemeke, John M. Hessel, Joseph E. Martineau, Lewis, Rice & Fingersh, St. Louis, Mo., of counsel; (David Ross, Seyfath, Shaw, Fairweather & Geraldson, New York City, for Sunrise Industries, Inc. d/b/a Alton Telegraph).

Lori Harris, New York City, for Capital Cities Media d/b/a Belleville News Democrat.

Jeffrey Smith, Baltimore, Md., for KTVI, Inc.

Joseph P. Thornton, Chicago, for Chicago Tribune Co.

Justice WELCH delivered the opinion of the court:

In this consolidated appeal, Multimedia KSDK, Inc., appeals from the denial of its petitions, which were made pursuant to section 9 of the AIDS Confidentiality Act (Ill.Rev.Stat.1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 7309), for authority to disclose the identity of one "Jane Doe", an alleged prostitute charged with the offense of criminal transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Also participating in this appeal are Jane Doe as appellee and, as amici curiae, Alton Telegraph, Belleville News-Democrat, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, KTVI-TV and Chicago Tribune.

Multimedia KSDK, Inc. (hereinafter "KSDK"), filed in the circuit court of Madison County on April 25, 1991, its initial application for order authorizing disclosure of HIV test results. The petition alleges that KSDK owns and operates a television station; that Jane Doe, an alleged prostitute, had been charged with criminal transmission of HIV; that Jane Doe's identity and HIV status had been released to the general public by various law enforcement agencies, including the State's Attorney, and was therefore known to KSDK; that the AIDS Confidentiality Act (Act) (Ill.Rev.Stat.1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 7301 et seq.) prohibits the disclosure by any person, including a corporation, of the results of an HIV test of another unless authorized by a court order based upon a compelling need for such disclosure. The petition further alleges that, based upon Jane Doe's occupation as a prostitute, a compelling need exists to release her name to the general public in the interest of public health and welfare, so that those persons who had engaged in high-risk activity with Jane Doe would know of their exposure. The petition prays for an order authorizing KSDK to disclose the identity and HIV status of Jane Doe in its news reports.

Hearing was held on the petition on April 29, 1991, and a written order denying the petition was filed that date. In its order, the court found that the prior improper disclosure of the identity of Jane Doe by other media and individuals did not provide a basis under the Act for further disclosure and that the Act is intended to protect the privacy of those individuals who are tested for HIV and to encourage others to undergo such testing. KSDK filed a notice of appeal from this order.

On May 24, 1991, KSDK filed a second application for order authorizing disclosure of HIV test results. This petition repeated the allegations of the first petition, but also alleged that Jane Doe had left the medical-treatment facility where she had been confined, that her whereabouts were unknown, but that she was reportedly planning to return to her occupation as a prostitute, underscoring the compelling need for disclosure.

The petition came on for hearing on June 12, 1991. The court denied the petition. KSDK filed a notice of appeal from this order as well. The two causes were consolidated by this court for purposes of appeal.

KSDK's argument on appeal is essentially that the trial court erred in denying its petition because the interests of public health and welfare, which will be furthered by disclosure because those individuals who had engaged in high-risk activity with Jane Doe could seek testing and treatment, outweigh the privacy interests of Jane Doe. KSDK also argues that disclosure of Jane Doe's identity is consistent with the purpose and provisions of the AIDS Confidentiality Act in that disclosure would notify those who had engaged in high-risk activity with Jane Doe that testing was necessary.

Appellee argues that the purpose of the AIDS Confidentiality Act is to encourage testing for the HIV virus by ensuring that the results of such tests shall remain confidential, thus implementing a scheme to help combat the spread of the virus. Disclosure is only permitted upon a showing of "compelling need", which appellant here has failed to show.

Amici argue that the AIDS Confidentiality Act does not apply to prohibit disclosure of the identity of an individual who has been charged with the criminal offense of criminal transmission of the HIV virus where that charge is a matter of public record. Amici also argue that, to the extent the AIDS Confidentiality Act applies to bar the publication of information otherwise a matter of public record, it is unconstitutional.

We agree that the AIDS Confidentiality Act does not apply to the instant case where KSDK sought only to disclose the identity of an individual who had been charged with a criminal offense, and that identity was already a matter of public record by reason of the public charge. We therefore vacate the judgment of the circuit court of Madison County which denied the petition of KSDK. We find that the petition properly should have been dismissed.

The AIDS Confidentiality Act was enacted in 1987. Section 2 of that Act explains the reason for its enactment as follows:

"The General Assembly finds that:

(1) The use of tests designed to reveal a condition indicative of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can be a valuable tool in protecting the public health.

(2) Despite existing laws, regulations and professional standards which require or promote the informed, voluntary and confidential use of tests designed to reveal HIV infection, many members of the public are deterred from seeking such testing because they misunderstand the nature of the test or fear that test results will be disclosed without their consent.

(3) The public health will be served by facilitating informed, voluntary and confidential use of tests designed to reveal HIV infection."

(Ill.Rev.Stat.1989, ch....