National Cash Register Co. v. I. M. C., Inc.

• Decision Date: 01 December 1971
• Citation: 260 Or. 504,491 P.2d 211
• Parties: The NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, a Maryland corporation, Appellant, v. I.M.C., INC., an Oregon corporation, Respondent.
• Court: Oregon Supreme Court

Page 211

491 P.2d 211

260 Or. 504

The NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, a Maryland corporation, Appellant, v. I.M.C., INC., an Oregon corporation, Respondent.

Supreme Court of Oregon.

Argued and Submitted Nov. 2, 1971.

Decided Dec. 1, 1971.

Gerald R. Pullen, Portland, argued the cause for appellant. With him on the brief was Ernest M. Jachetta, Portland.

Peter A. Schwabe, Jr., Portland, argued the cause and filed a brief for respondent.

Before O'CONNELL, C.J., and McALLISTER, DENECKE, HOLMAN, TONGUE and HOWELL, JJ.

TONGUE, Justice.

This is an action for breach of a written contract for the lease of an accounting machine, under which $2,032 was claimed to be due in rental payments. Plaintiff appeals from an adverse judgment by the trial court, sitting without a jury. ¹

Plaintiff contends that the trial court erred 'in relying upon parol testimony by defendant attempting to prove the contract was on a monthly basis, and not for a minimum period of one year.'

Plaintiff's salesman testified that he explained to defendant's bookkeeper and president that the equipment could be leased only for a minimum period of one year. He also testified that the form 'equipment rental contract,' as prepared by him, provided that defendant would rent the equipment 'for a term of _ _ year(s)' and that this blank space was not filled when the contract was signed by defendant's bookkeeper. The form contract also, however, included a provision on its back in small print to the effect that it could only be terminated on 90 days' notice and after payment of not less than 12 months' rent.

The salesman also testified that upon return to his office he filled in the foregoing blank space so as to read 'for a term of 1 year(s)' and told defendant's bookkeeper that the lease was for a minimum period of one year and that this was his understanding of the agreement. However, the contract was thereafter signed by someone else on behalf of plaintiff, apparently without knowledge that this blank was not filled in when the contract was previously signed by defendant's bookkeeper. No copy of the contract, as thus filled in and signed, was sent to defendant until after this controversy arose.

Plaintiff's branch manager admitted that 'the term of the lease is a very vital aspect of it' and that both himself, the 'branch' and the salesman received substantial commissions under rental contracts for a period of one or more years, but received no commissions for equipment rentals on a month-to-month basis.

Defendant's president and bookkeeper both testified, however, that before plaintiff's salesman prepared and submitted the written contract they informed him that defendant was not in a position to get involved with a long term equipment lease and would rent the equipment only on a month-to-month basis. They also testified that plaintiff's salesman then told them that this was the reason that the blank was not filled in and that because of that fact the provision in fine print on the back of the form contract would 'not apply.'

Defendant's bookkeeper, who then signed the written form contract with the blank not filled in, testified that when she did so she recognized that it was 'incomplete,' but signed it so that plaintiff's salesman could 'get an order through' for the equipment, which would be rented on a month-to-month basis, and so tha the salesman would have 'some record' to show that the equipment had been delivered.

Defendant's bookkeeper also testified that she signed the form contract with the understanding that the agreement between the parties was for a rental of the equipment on a month-to-month basis and that she would not otherwise have signed it. Defendant's president, who did not sign the contract, also testified that this was his understanding of the arrangment and was the only reason that he agreed to rent the equipment.

The trial judge in this case made written findings that 'the term of the lease agreement was on a monthly basis and not for a period of one year.' Since this is an action at law, it follows that if there was any substantial evidence to support such findings, they are binding upon this court.

After reviewing the entire record in this case, we conclude that there was ample evidence to support a finding that the parties made an oral agreement for lease of the equipment on a month-to-month basis. We find, however, for the reasons stated in this opinion, that neither the evidence in this case nor the law as applied to such evidence supports the finding and conclusion that the oral agreement was ever integrated into a valid written contract.

Plaintiff's assignment of error on this appeal is that the court erred in finding as a fact that the term of the lease agreement between the parties was on a monthly basis and not for a period of one year. Plaintiff's basic contention is that 'when there is no ambiguity in the terms of a...