Neset v. North Dakota State Highway Com'r

• Citation: 388 N.W.2d 860
• Decision Date: 06 June 1986
• Docket Number: No. 11060,11060
• Parties: Gilbert A. NESET, Appellant, v. NORTH DAKOTA STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSIONER, Appellee. Civ.
• Court: United States State Supreme Court of North Dakota

Page 860

388 N.W.2d 860

Gilbert A. NESET, Appellant, v. NORTH DAKOTA STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSIONER, Appellee.

Civ. No. 11060.

Supreme Court of North Dakota.

June 6, 1986.

Brian W. Nelson, Fargo, for appellant.

Myron E. Bothun, Asst. Atty. Gen., State Highway Dept., Bismarck, for appellee.

GIERKE, Justice.

Gilbert A. Neset appeals from a district court judgment affirming an administrative hearing officer's decision revoking Neset's driving privileges. We affirm.

In the early morning hours of May 7, 1985, Deputy McTavish of the Cass County Sheriff's Office observed Neset's vehicle "going in a drifting motion from the line on the shoulder edge of the road to the line on the center edge of the road." Neset made a right turn onto an exit leading to Interstate 94 without using his turn signal. Deputy McTavish stopped Neset after following him for approximately two to three miles.

Upon approaching the vehicle, Deputy McTavish detected the odor of alcohol coming from the inside of the car. After failing various field sobriety tests, Neset was placed under arrest for driving while under the influence and was transported to the Cass County Jail.

Because Deputy McTavish was not qualified to administer the Intoxilyzer test, he requested that Officer Bjornson administer the test to Neset. Officer Bjornson several times requested that Neset submit to the Intoxilyzer test. Officer Bjornson also read to Neset the implied consent advisory set out in Section 39-20-01, N.D.C.C. Neset refused to take the test. Deputy McTavish completed a Request and Notice Form and submitted it to the Driver's License Division.

Neset requested and received an administrative hearing. The administrative hearing officer ordered revocation of Neset's driving privileges for one year, pursuant to Section 39-20-04, N.D.C.C. Neset appealed to the district court, which affirmed the administrative decision. Neset now appeals to this Court.

Two issues are raised on appeal:

1) Was the initial stop of Neset's vehicle valid?

2) Is the arresting officer the only person who can request the test and give the implied consent advisory?

Initially, we note that the provisions of the Administrative Agencies Practice Act, Chapter 28-32, N.D.C.C., are applicable to an order of revocation issued under Section 39-20-04, N.D.C.C. Asbridge v. North Dakota State Highway Commissioner, 291 N.W.2d 739, 743 (N.D.1980). We therefore look to the record compiled by the administrative agency rather than to the findings of the district court. Our review is limited to determining whether the findings of fact are supported by a preponderance of the evidence; whether the conclusions of law are sustained by the findings of fact; and whether the agency decision is supported by the conclusions of law. Hammeren v. North Dakota State Highway Commissioner, 315 N.W.2d 679, 683 (N.D.1982).

Neset contends that the officer's initial stop of the vehicle was without adequate justification. To justify an investigatory stop of a vehicle, the officer must have an articulable and reasonable suspicion that a motorist is violating the law. State v. Placek, 386 N.W.2d 36, 37 (N.D.1986); State v. Indvik, 382 N.W.2d 623, 627 (N.D.1986); see also Delaware v. Prouse, 440 U.S. 648, 663, 99 S.Ct. 1391, 1401, 59 L.Ed.2d 660, 673 (1979). Deputy McTavish testified that Neset's vehicle weaved from side to side in its own lane of travel and that Neset failed to signal for a right-hand turn. ¹ We have previously held, in State v. Dorendorf, 359 N.W.2d 115 (N.D.1984), that an officer's observation of a vehicle weaving within its own lane of travel justified a stop of the vehicle to determine the cause of the weaving. ² In the instant case Deputy McTavish also observed that a right turn was executed without using a directional signal. We conclude that, under these circumstances, the initial stop of Neset's vehicle was justified.

Neset also contends that the procedures outlined in Chapter 39-20, N.D.C.C., were violated when Officer Bjornson, rather than Deputy McTavish, requested that Neset submit to the Intoxilyzer test and read the implied consent advisory to Neset. Neset claims that only the arresting officer can make the request and give the implied consent advisory.

The relevant procedures are set forth in Section 39-20-01, N.D.C.C.:

"39-20-01. Implied consent to determine alcoholic and drug content of blood. Any person who operates a motor vehicle on a highway ... in this state is deemed to have given consent, and shall consent, subject to the provisions of this chapter, to a chemical test, or tests, of the blood, breath, saliva, or urine for the purpose of determining the alcoholic, other drug, or combination thereof, content of the blood.... The test or tests must be administered at the direction of a law enforcement officer only after placing the person, except persons mentioned in section 39-20-03, under arrest and informing that person that the person is or will be charged with the offense of driving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle upon the public highways while under the influence of intoxicating liquor, drugs, or a combination thereof. The arresting officer shall also inform the person charged that refusal of the person to submit to the test determined appropriate will result in a revocation for up to three years of the person's driving privileges...."

There is no provision in the statute that the arresting officer is the only law enforcement official who can request that the arrested person submit to the test. The statute requires only that the test "be administered at the direction of a law enforcement officer only after placing the person ... under arrest." In the instant case, the test was clearly administered "at the direction of" Deputy McTavish.

Neset also contends that the implied consent advisory may be given only by the arresting officer. We do not construe the statute so literally. The Legislature has impliedly recognized that not all law enforcement officers in this state will be certified to administer the chemical tests authorized under Chapter 39-20, N.D.C.C. See Section 39-20-07(5), N.D.C.C. If another officer administers the test, it may be more appropriate for that officer to give the implied...