Newgent v. Colonial Contractors & Builders, Inc.

• Decision Date: 01 March 1965
• Citation: Newgent v. Colonial Contractors & Builders, Inc., 204 N.E.2d 922, 348 Mass. 582 (Mass. 1965)
• Court: Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts
• Parties: Harvey NEWGENT v. COLONIAL CONTRACTORS & BUILDERS, INC.

Page 922

204 N.E.2d 922

348 Mass. 582

Harvey NEWGENT v. COLONIAL CONTRACTORS & BUILDERS, INC.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Middlesex.

Argued Dec. 9, 1964.

Decided March 1, 1965.

John W. Lynch, West Acton, for the defendant.

Francis B. McNamara, Jr., Lexington, for the plaintiff.

Before WILKINS, C. J., and WHITTEMORE, CUTTER, KIRK, and REARDON, JJ.

KIRK, Justice.

This action of contract for a real estate broker's commission was commenced in the Superior Court, and thereafter, under G.L. c. 231, § 102C (inserted by St.1958, c. 369, § 3), was transferred for trial to the appropriate District Court where a finding was made for the defendant. Neither party claimed a report to the Appellate Division. There is no suggestion that any error of law was committed in the District Court. Upon request of the plaintiff, under G.L. c. 231, § 102C, the case was retransferred to the Superior Court for trial by jury. The judge did not charge, was not requested to charge, and no exception was taken to his omission to charge the jury, as the statute provides, that the decision of the District Court 'shall be prima facie evidence upon such matters as are put in issue by the pleadings.'

The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. The defendant seasonably filed a motion for a new trial because of 'the failure of the Court to instruct the jury that the verdict of the District Court was prima facie evidence in favor of the defendant.' The defendant's exception to the denial of its motion raises the only question in the case. The defendant contends that the failure to charge the jury as provided in the above quoted language of the statute deprived the Superior Court of jurisdiction. It argues that a jury in the Superior Court cannot proceed to a verdict unless the decision or finding of the District Court judge is before the jury with an explanation of its legal effect. We have considered the contention, and find no merit in it.

In Lubell v. First Natl. Stores, Inc., 342 Mass. 161, 163-164, 172 N.E.2d 689, the court concisely stated the objectives, mechanics and operational effect of G.L. c. 231, § 102C, and, at page 165, 172 N.E.2d 689, referred to St.1960, c. 303, in amendment thereof. Specifically, it was said beginning on page 163, 172 N.E.2d on page 691: '(3) The 'decision,' in the event of retransfer, is to be prima facie evidence in the Superior Court. (4) No other 'findings' of the District Court judge shall be admissible as evidence in the Superior Court. This fourth point distinguishes § 102C from G.L (Ter.Ed.) c. 221, § 56, relating to reports of auditors, where the phrase, 'prima facie evidence,' also appears.'

The distinction between the report of an auditor and the decision of a District Court judge is obviously important. Under G.L. c. 221, § 56, the auditor makes only findings of fact, not rulings of law, and his report is subject to review by the court which appointed him so that findings of fact 'based upon an erroneous opinion of law, or upon inadmissible evidence,' may be excluded from consideration by the jury. Under G.L. c. 231, § 102C, however, 'the decision of the District Court judge, * * * so far as admissible * * * would consist of a very few words * * * [and] would be evidence warranting a finding for the' party who prevailed in the District Court. 'His decision might be based upon an alleged error of law, such as the admission or exclusion of evidence, or * * * the denial of requests.' Lubell v. First Natl. Stores, Inc., 342 Mass. 161, 164, 172 N.E.2d 689, 691. Accordingly, it was held, in effect, in the Lubell case, that the Legislature must have intended, in the light of constitutional requirements, that the decision of the District Court judge, to be admissible in the Superior Court as prima facie evidence, must be the result of a trial in the District Court where no report was claimed or where, on review by the Appellate Division, no reversible error was found. It was decided also that the review of issues of law raised at the District Court trial was appropriately in the Appellate Division and ultimately,...