Nichols v. Zera, Docket No. 9437

• Decision Date: 28 April 1971
• Docket Number: No. 2,Docket No. 9437,2
• Citation: 33 Mich.App. 274,189 N.W.2d 751
• Parties: Ernest J. NICHOLS, Guardian of the Estate of Francis E. Nichols, a Minor, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Stanley ZERA et al., Defendants, James Richards et al., Defendants-Appellants
• Court: Court of Appeal of Michigan — District of US

Page 751

189 N.W.2d 751

33 Mich.App. 274

Ernest J. NICHOLS, Guardian of the Estate of Francis E.

Nichols, a Minor, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Stanley ZERA et al., Defendants, James Richards et al., Defendants-Appellants.

Docket No. 9437.

Court of Appeals of Michigan, Division No. 2.

April 28, 1971.

Leave to Appeal Denied July 15, 1971.

Released for Publication Sept. 23, 1971.

Russell E. Bowers, Gault, Davison & Bowers, Flint, for defendants-appellants.

C. Robert Beltz, Flint, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before QUINN, P.J., and R. B. BURNS and McGREGOR, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal from an order of April 4, 1970, by a circuit judge, denying defendants' motion for summary judgment. A motion for rehearing on the motion for summary judgment was made and denied. Defendants applied for leave to appeal to this Court on July 31, 1970.

This cause arises out of the alleged attack upon Francis E. Nichols in the halls and parking lot of Flint's Northern Community High School. Plaintiff, a white student at Northern, was allegedly beaten by negro youths from a neighboring high school, soon after both schools had been dismissed (on April 5, 1968) to allow the students to attend memorial services commemorating the death of Dr. Martin Luther King. Plaintiff alleges negligence on the part of the defendant Board of Education members, in that the defendants did not act to protect the students or warn the Northern students of the known danger of marauding students from the neighboring high school.

Plaintiff originally brought suit against the Flint Board of Education, which was dismissed because of the Board's sovereign immunity. Simultaneously with the dismissal, plaintiff was allowed to amend his complaint to include the members of the Board of Education as defendants, as well as certain administrative officials. The Board of Education defendants moved for summary judgment on the ground that they, as members of the Board of Education, were clothed in the sovereign immunity of the Board of Education itself, their motion was denied by the trial court. Apparently the basis for this decision was that M.C.L.A. § 691.1408 (Stat.Ann.1969 Rev. § 3.996(108)) imposed liability upon officers of a governmental agency.

This Court is asked to determine if members of a board of education of a school district are immune from suit as individually named defendants upon a claim of tort liability based upon the collective action or inaction of such board members.

There is no question that the Board of Education, being an agency of the state, is clothed with statutory immunity. ¹ This immunity, being based upon the state's immunity, survived Williams v. City of Detroit (1961), 364 Mich. 231, 111 N.W.2d 1; Sayers v. School District No. 1, Fractional, etc. (1962), 366 Mich. 217, 114 N.W.2d 191; Picard v. Greisinger (1965), 2 Mich.App. 96, 138 N.W.2d 508. By the same token, the immunity of the school board has remained unscathed by Maki v. City of East Tawas (1969), 18 Mich.App. 109, 170 N.W.2d 530; Cody v. Southfield-Lathrup School District (1970), 25 Mich.App. 33, 181 N.W.2d 81.

The individual members of a board of education will not be personally liable if the board itself is immune, absent a specific statutory duty to the contrary. The Supreme Court, in Daniels v. Board of Education (1916), 191 Mich. 339, 357, 158 N.W. 23, 29, held:

'We are impressed that if the board as such is not liable its individual members are not liable; no individual liability is created by statute.

"Liability for negligence and suit therefor against the individual officer can only exist by virtue of an express statute creating the individual duty of such officer, and also authorizing the maintenance of a suit for failure to perform such duty.' Plumbing & Supply Co. v. Board of Education, 32 S.D. 270, 142 N.W. 1131.'

The question thus becomes whether M.C.L.A. § 691.1408 (Stat.Ann.1969 Rev. § 3.996(108)) has the effect of creating an express statutory liability in the individual board members.

M.C.L.A. § 691.1408, provides in part:

'Whenever any claim is made or any...