Osborne v. Osborne

• Court: Tennessee Court of Appeals
• Writing for the Court: BARNETT, Judge.
• Citation: Osborne v. Osborne, 197 S.W.2d 234, 29 Tenn.App. 463 (Tenn. App. 1946)
• Decision Date: 16 March 1946
• Parties: OSBORNE v. OSBORNE.

197 S.W.2d 234

29 Tenn.App. 463

OSBORNE v. OSBORNE.

Court of Appeals of Tennessee, Eastern Section.

March 16, 1946

Certiorari Denied by Supreme Court May 24, 1946.

Appeal in Error from Circuit Court, Hamilton County; L. D. Miller Judge.

Suit for divorce by Lucille C. Osborne against C. Bert Osborne. Decree for plaintiff, and from an order reducing the amount of monthly alimony payments awarded plaintiff by the decree she appeals in error.

Affirmed.

Moon & Anderson, of Chattanooga, for plaintiff in error.

J. N Hunter, of Chattanooga, for defendant in error.

BARNETT Judge.

Lucille C. Osborne, on March 12, 1943, was granted a decree for absolute divorce from C. Bert Osborne. The parties had no children. Prior to the rendition of the divorce decree, and subsequent to the filing of the petition for divorce, plaintiff and defendant entered into a written contract settling and adjusting all of their property rights between themselves. The court, without hearing proof on these property rights, adopted the property settlement as agreed to by the parties and accordingly so decreed. The cause, by appropriate language, was expressly retained on the docket 'for such other orders as the Court may see fit to make from time to time, and the enforcement of this decree and such other decrees and either party has leave to apply to the Court for such further decree or decrees, orders, executions and other relief as may be necessary and proper.'

It was agreed in the contract referred to above that in event a divorce was granted Lucille Osborne was to be given various personal and real properties. It was also agreed under clause 7 of the contract that:

'That Mrs. Lucille C. Osborne be awarded permanent alimony of $100.00 per month as long as she lives or remains unmarried. It is further agreed that C. Bert Osborne will arrange with the Navy to have the $100.00 monthly payments sent direct to Mrs. Lucille C. Osborne at Ashtabula, Ohio, or such other place or places as she may request. It is further agreed that this amount is based upon C. Bert Osborne's present earnings, which he represents to be $300.00 per month, and that in the event his earnings are increased or decreased as much as 10% either party may make application to have the monthly alimony increased or decreased. It is agreed that this case shall be retained in Court and held open for such further decrees and orders as may be made in connection with the increase or decrease of alimony or other orders such as the Court may see fit to make.'

On November 10, 1944, C. Bert Osborne filed a petition in the cause asking that he be relieved of further alimony payments. His petition is based on the fact that he has remarried and has one child by this second marriage and is expecting a second; that Lucille Osborne is now working and is making enough to care for herself; that his present income is not sufficient to care for his increased needs. In due reason this petition was answered denying his right of reduction. A stipulation entered into between the parties shows among other things that his income was $418 per month.

The trial court heard the matter and reduced the One Hundred ($100) Dollars monthly payments to Sixty ($60) Dollars and made the reduction retroactive to the date of the filing of the petition. It is from this order that Lucille Osborne has appealed to this court and assigned errors.

A case is here presented where childless parties to a marriage have entered into a valid agreement, after proper representation by able counsel and without any element of fraud or duress, which is incorporated into a decree awarding the plaintiff an absolute divorce. Is such an agreement a binding contract wherein the court in a divorce action is bound to adhere to?

The general rule is that such agreements are merely evidential in value and may be followed by the court in its award of alimony--they should be given great consideration but are subject to close scrutiny by the court. When such agreements or their terms are adopted in the decree fixing alimony they are not absolute and binding when the court retains jurisdiction for their modification or the statute law of the state provides that such decrees remain open and subject to modification. 27 C.J.S., Divorce, § 234, p. 961. See notes in 58 A.L.R. 639, and 109 A.L.R. 1068, where numerous cases are collected. The author states that the above rule is supported by the weight of authority.

'Other contracts may be modified, restricted, or enlarged, or entirely released upon the consent of the parties. Not so with marriage. The relation once formed, the law steps in and holds the parties to various obligations and liabilities. It is an institution, in the maintenance of which in its purity the public is deeply interested, for it is the foundation of the family and of society, without which there would be neither civilization nor progress.' Maynard v. Hill, 125 U.S. 190, 8 S.Ct. 723, 729, 31 L.Ed. 654.

A divorce action is really a triangular proceeding where in addition to the parties the State through the court is a quasi party. It is for this basic reason that the courts afford the fullest possible hearing in the matter and at all times must guard against collusion, fraud and any unfair practice or undue advantage that one party might take of the other. Adhering to these principles the courts do not take the agreements of the parties as conclusive but merely use them as a basis on which an alimony decree is fixed. When the circumstances of the parties change the court's decree may be changed. Code, section 8446, provides among other things that, 'the order or decree to remain in the court's control; and, on application of either party, the court may decree an increase or decrease of such allowance on cause being shown.' In Davenport v. Davenport, 178 Tenn. 517, 160 S.W.2d 406, the court held that the above Code section and section 8454 is incorporated in every divorce decree. The decree in the instant case retains the matter on the docket and open for...