Pace v. Moriarty, 94-3764WM

• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit
• Writing for the Court: Before RICHARD S. ARNOLD, Chief Judge, HENLEY, Senior Circuit Judge, and FAGG; FAGG
• Citation: Pace v. Moriarty, 83 F.3d 261 (8th Cir. 1996)
• Decision Date: 10 May 1996
• Docket Number: No. 94-3764WM,94-3764WM
• Parties: Lydia Marlene PACE, Appellant, v. Judith K. MORIARTY, individually and in her official capacity; James Kolb, individually and in his official capacity, Appellees.

Page 261

83 F.3d 261

Lydia Marlene PACE, Appellant, v. Judith K. MORIARTY, individually and in her official capacity; James Kolb, individually and in his official capacity, Appellees.

No. 94-3764WM.

United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.

Submitted Nov. 16, 1995.

Decided May 10, 1996.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri; Scott O. Wright, Judge.

Michael J. Finklestein, Jefferson City, MO, argued (James W. Riner, on the brief), for appellant.

Bruce Farmer, Assistant Attorney General, Jefferson City, MO, argued (Andrea K. Spillars, on the brief), for appellees.

Before RICHARD S. ARNOLD, Chief Judge, HENLEY, Senior Circuit Judge, and FAGG, Circuit Judge.

FAGG, Circuit Judge.

While Judith K. Moriarty was the Missouri Secretary of State and James Kolb was her Executive Deputy, Moriarty and Kolb (collectively the officials) terminated Lydia Marlene Pace from a clerical position in the Secretary of State's office. At the time of Pace's termination, the Secretary of State's office had not adopted any procedures allowing employees to seek review of termination decisions, and the officials did not give Pace a hearing or notice of the reasons for her termination. Contending the officials violated her procedural due process rights, Pace brought this 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action. Pace sought damages from the officials in their individual capacities, and requested equitable relief. The district court concluded Pace's claim failed as a matter of law and granted the officials summary judgment. Pace appeals. We affirm in part, and reverse and remand in part.

To show she was entitled to due process before termination, Pace must show she had a property interest in her job, that is, a legitimate claim of entitlement to continued employment. Board of Regents v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2709, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972); Batra v. Board of Regents, 79 F.3d 717, 720 (8th Cir.1996). Pace had a property interest if she could only be fired for good cause, Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 538-39, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1491-92, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985), and Pace contends the officials needed good cause to terminate her under Chapter 36 of the Missouri statutes, see Mo.Rev.Stat. §§ 36.010-36.510 (1994). Section 36.390.5 provides that regular employees of merit agencies have the right to appeal terminations to the state Personnel Advisory Board (PAB), and the PAB should reinstate employees who were not terminated for good cause. Sections 36.390.7 and .8 require nonmerit agencies to adopt the same appeal procedures or "procedures substantially similar to those provided for merit employees." Id. § 36.390.8. Pace asserts the Missouri Secretary of State's office is a nonmerit agency under sections 36.390.7 and .8, and the statutes gave her the right not to be terminated without cause.

The district court rejected Pace's due process claim on the grounds that the Secretary of State's office was not an agency within the meaning of sections 36.390.7 and .8. On appeal, Pace contends the district court misinterpreted Missouri law, and we agree. After the district court's decision, the Missouri Court of Appeals ruled sections 36.390.7 and .8 apply to the Secretary of State's office. Laws v. Secretary of State, 895 S.W.2d 43, 48 (Mo.Ct.App.1995). Nevertheless, the officials urge us to affirm the district court's judgment on alternate grounds, and we may affirm on any basis supported by the record. White v. Moulder, 30 F.3d 80, 82 (8th Cir.1994), cert. denied Y--- U.S. ----, 115 S.Ct. 738, 130 L.Ed.2d 641 (1995).

The officials argue that even if sections 36.390.7 and .8 apply to the Secretary of State's office, the statutes did not give Pace a property interest in continued employment. Unlike Pace, the officials do not believe the statutes give nonmerit employees the right to be terminated only for cause. Instead, the officials argue the statutes only give nonmerit employees certain procedural rights. A statutory right to receive review procedures does not itself create a property interest. Stow v. Cochran, 819 F.2d 864, 866 (8th Cir.1987); see Bishop v. Wood, 426 U.S. 341, 345, 347, 96 S.Ct. 2074, 2077, 2078, 48 L.Ed.2d 684 (1976). To give employees a property interest and a right to due process, a statute must create a legitimate expectation of continued employment, not merely an expectation of review of terminations. See Bishop, 426 U.S. at 345, 96 S.Ct. at 2077; Stow, 819 F.2d at 867. The ...