La Penta v. Mutual Trust Life Ins. Co.

• Decision Date: 14 December 1954
• Docket Number: Gen. No. 46370
• Citation: 123 N.E.2d 165,4 Ill.App.2d 60
• Parties: Jane LA PENTA, Appellee, v. MUTUAL TRUST LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant.
• Court: United States Appellate Court of Illinois

Page 165

123 N.E.2d 165

4 Ill.App.2d 60

Jane LA PENTA, Appellee, v.MUTUAL TRUST LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant.

Gen. No. 46370.

Appellate Court of Illinois, First District, Second Division.

Dec. 14, 1954.

Delmar Olson, Chicago, Robert S. Seiler, Chicago, of counsel, for appellant.

Michael Fio Rito and Raymond A. Smerge, Chicago, William O'Malley, Chicago, of counsel, for appellee.

McCORMICK, Justice.

This is a suit brought by Jane La Penta, the beneficiary of a life insurance policy issued by the defendant on the life of Andrew J. La Penta, her deceased husband, in the amount of $3,000.The trial court, hearing the case without a jury, found in favor of the plaintiff in the amount of $3,000 and entered judgment, from which said judgment this appeal is brought on the ground that the finding was against the manifest weight of the evidence.

The policy was issued January 22, 1951, without previous medical examination.The insured died on October 12, 1951 of a coronary occlusion.The defendant's contention is that the insured, in making the application for the insurance, made certain misrepresentations of fact with the intent to deceive, and which misrepresentations in all events materially affected the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the company.The questions and answers upon which the defendant relies are:

'No. 6 Q. Are you now under treatment or on a restricted diet for any cause?A.No.

'No. 7 Q. Have you consulted a physician in the last ten years?If so, give the full history below.

'A.Yes.Induction and Discharge examination by Army physicians.Remaining effects--none.

'No. 8 Q. Are you now in good health?A.Yes.

'No. 9 Q. Has any medical examiner or physician expressed an unfavorable opinion as to your insurability or health?A.No.

'No. 10 Q. Have you ever been operated on?Or been advised to have any surgical operation?A.No.

'No. 11 Q. Have you ever been under observation, care, or treatment in any hospital, sanitarium, asylum, or similar institution?A.No.

'No. 13 Q. Have you now, or have you ever had any illness, disease or injury not mentioned in answer to Question 7?A.No.'

At the trial, in order to sustain its defense, the defendant introduced eleven exhibits, ten of which are photostatic copies of a portion of the Veterans Administration files.These exhibits, insofar as they are material to the issues involved, contain the following facts: The insured was examined in 1944 and 1945 at an army hospital where a diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis was made, and on January 18, 1945 a certificate of disability for discharge was issued on the ground of chronic cholecystitis.The insured was discharged from the United States Army on January 17, 1945 and awarded a ten per cent disability compensation from the Veterans Administration as of January 18, 1945.On October 1, 1945 the insured requested an increase in his award.There was in the Veterans Administration files from Dr. Ferdinand B. Monet, the insured's family physician, a letter dated January 17, 1946 stating that he had treated the insured for non-specific diarrhea and cholecystitis.On January 23, 1948 the insured was examined by the Veterans Administration's physicians, giving a history of pain recurring with a frequency of six weeks to three months, and the report states that he had lost one week's time per year from work since 1945 because of these attacks, and he had been placed on a diet.At that time a working diagnosis of 'cholecystitis, chronic, with cholelithiasis' was made, and x-rays were ordered.The second x-ray report was that x-rays of the gall bladder revealed 'a bean shaped calcific opacity' in the gall bladder region, 'probably a calcified stone within the gall bladder,' and that the gall bladder did not visualize.On this report it is stated: 'Impression was cholelithiasis and cholecystitis.'On July 7, 1948 the disability award of the insured was discontinued due to improvement in his gall bladder condition.These reports were released to Dr. Ferdinand B. Monet, the insured's family physician, March 3, 1948.On July 26, 1948 the insured wrote the Veterans Administration objecting to the discontinuance of his disability award, complaining he still had to remain on the diet and be under doctor's care.

Dr. Monet testified as a witness for the defendant that he had attended the insured from August, 1945, to October, 1951; that he had treated him for his gall bladder condition; that in 1945he might have been consulted by the insured as many as fifteen times, and in 1946 and 1947 two or three times; that he had certain x-rays taken, which did not visualize the gall bladder; that in 1950 the insured came to his office very often with his wife, but the doctor did not know whether the insured consulted him, and if so, it was very infrequently.When called as a witness for the plaintiff, Dr. Monet stated that in 1951he believed he checked the insured twice and that the insured did not complain of anything unusual, and that it was his opinion that Mr. La Penta's state of health was good.

The beneficiary testified that during 1949, 1950 and 1951 the insured worked regularly; that he had not complained in 1950 or 1951 about pain in the gall bladder region; that during that period he worked ten or twelve hours a day, sometimes six days a week.

This court has heretofore interpreted Section 154 of the Insurance Code(Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 73, par. 766), which provides:

'No misrepresentation or false warranty made by the insured or in his behalf in the negotiation for a policy of insurance, or breach of a condition of such policy shall defeat or avoid the policy or prevent its attaching unless such misrepresentation, false warranty or condition shall have been stated in the policy or endorsement or rider attached thereto, or in the written application therefor, of which a copy is attached to or endorsed on the policy, and made a part thereof.No such misrepresentation or false warranty shall defeat or avoid the policy unless it shall have been made with actual intent to deceive or materially affects either the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the company.This section shall not apply to policies of marine or transportation insurance.'

In Hamberg v. Mutual Life Ins. Co., 322 Ill.App. 138, 54 N.E.2d 227, 230, in a specially concurring opinion, the court says:

'Prior to the passage of this section in 1937 it had been held by the Supreme Court of this State, by this court and by the Supreme Court of the United States and other courts that where it was sought to avoid a life insurance policy on the ground that the insured had made false answers to questions in his applications the good faith of the applicant in making the answers was always a material one and the question in each case was whether the answers were knowingly false.[Citing cases.]There are other cases holding that where the applicant for insurance gives false answers to questions put to him, the question whether he knew they were false is immaterial.* * *

'In the instant casesection 154 provides that no misrepresentation made by an applicant for insurance 'shall defeat or avoid the policy unless it shall have been made with actual intent to deceive.'These words, 'shall have been made with actual intent to deceive' are rendered meaningless by the language which immediately follows them, viz., 'or materially affects either the acceptance of the risk or the hazard assumed by the company.'As stated by Prof. Havighurst in discussing this section--obviously a misrepresentation that does not affect the risk or hazard assumed is wholly immaterial and would not defeat the policy even though fraudulent.'The obvious purpose of the section is to benefit the assured and not the company.'32 Ill. Law Rev. 403.

'I think the word 'or' after the word 'deceive' should be construed to mean 'and.'Ayers v. Chicago Title & Trust Co., 187 Ill. 42-56, 58 N.E. 318;Voight v. Industrial Comm., 297 Ill. 109, 130 N.E. 470;People [ex rel.] v. Trustees of Northwestern College, 322 Ill. 120-124, 152 N.E. 555.'

This construction was cited and approved in Mid-States Ins. Co. v. Brandon, 340 Ill.App. 470, 473, 92 N.E.2d 540.

We accept this interpretation.Under it, it is incumbent upon an insurance company raising the defense of false warranties or misrepresentations made by the insured in the negotiations for the policy to plead and prove that such...