People v. Dickerson

• Decision Date: 19 April 1991
• Docket Number: No. 2-89-1096,2-89-1096
• Citation: People v. Dickerson, 570 N.E.2d 902, 212 Ill.App.3d 168, 156 Ill.Dec. 426 (Ill. App. 1991)
• Parties: , 156 Ill.Dec. 426 The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Gregory DICKERSON, Defendant-Appellant.
• Court: Appellate Court of Illinois

Page 902

570 N.E.2d 902

212 Ill.App.3d 168, 156 Ill.Dec. 426

The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Gregory DICKERSON, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 2-89-1096.

Appellate Court of Illinois Second District.

April 19, 1991.

Rehearing Denied May 15, 1991.

G. Joseph Weller, Deputy Defender, David W. Devinger, Office of the State Appellate Defender, Elgin, for Gregory Dickerson.

Michael J. Waller, Lake County State's Atty., Waukegan, William L. Browers, Deputy Director, Cynthia N. Schneider, State's Attys. Appellate Prosecutors, Elgin, for the People.

Justice BOWMAN delivered the opinion of the court:

Defendant, Gregory Dickerson, pleaded guilty to the offense of intimidation (Ill.Rev.Stat.1987, ch. 38, par. 12-6(a)(1)) and was sentenced to 30 months' probation, 12 months' periodic imprisonment and 100 hours' community service. The trial court denied defendant's motion to withdraw his guilty plea, and defendant appeals. Defendant contends that (1) the trial court's order denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea should be reversed and the cause remanded for a rehearing because defense counsel failed to comply with Supreme Court Rule 604(d) (134 Ill.2d R. 604(d)), and (2) the trial court erred in imposing a consecutive sentence.

Pursuant to negotiations with the State that he would not be sentenced to the penitentiary, defendant pleaded guilty. At the guilty plea hearing, the trial court admonished defendant of various constitutional rights; the assistant State's Attorney recited a factual basis for the plea, and defense counsel stipulated to the factual basis. The stipulated facts establish that sometime prior to February 23, 1989, Morris Gray obtained cocaine from defendant but failed to pay for it. Thereafter, defendant contacted Morris Gray's father, Elmer Gray, and told him that if defendant did not get his money, Elmer or a member of his family could get hurt. The court found that there was a sufficient factual basis for the plea and that there had been a knowing and voluntary waiver of the right to trial. The court conditionally accepted the guilty plea and ordered a presentence report.

Following a sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced defendant to 30 months' probation, 12 months' periodic imprisonment and 100 hours' community service. Subsequently, defendant filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea, and the trial court denied the motion.

On appeal, defendant first contends that the cause must be remanded for a rehearing on his motion to withdraw his guilty plea because defense counsel failed to file a Rule 604(d) certificate. The rule, which sets forth the requirements for a motion to withdraw a guilty plea, states in pertinent part:

"The defendant's attorney shall file with the trial court a certificate stating that the attorney has consulted with the defendant * * * to ascertain his contentions of error in the entry of the plea of guilty, has examined the trial court file and report of the proceedings of the plea of guilty, and has made any amendments to the motion necessary for adequate presentation of any defects in those proceedings." (134 Ill.2d R. 604(d).)

In this case, no such certificate was filed.

Defendant contends that the trial court's failure to ascertain whether a Rule 604(d) certificate had been filed denied him a full and fair hearing on the motion. The State responds that substantial compliance with the rule is sufficient and that the record establishes that defense counsel performed the functions contemplated by the rule, that is, consulted with defendant, examined the court file and the report of the proceedings and amended the motion as necessary. The State's position cannot be sustained.

Suffice it to say, first of all, that we have carefully reviewed the record and do not find it nearly so clear as the State would have us believe that defense counsel took the actions called for in the rule. While it is debatable that he may have consulted with defendant, it is highly unlikely he examined the report of proceedings of the guilty plea since a transcript of those proceedings was not filed until two months after the hearing on defendant's motion to withdraw his plea. Second, and far more importantly, the rules adopted by the supreme court concerning criminal defendants and guilty pleas are rules of procedure and not suggestions; it is incumbent upon counsel and the courts alike to follow them. (People v. Wilk (1988), 124 Ill.2d 93, 103, 124 Ill.Dec. 398, 529 N.E.2d 218.) Although Wilk involved Rule 604(d)'s requirement of the timely filing of motions to withdraw guilty pleas, the supreme court directed its comments to the entire rule. (See Wilk, 124 Ill.2d at 103-04, 124 Ill.Dec. 398, 529 N.E.2d 218.) It now appears that, pursuant to Wilk, strict compliance with the dictates of Rule 604(d) is required.

In People v. Hayes (1990), 195 Ill.App.3d 957, 142 Ill.Dec. 680, 553 N.E.2d 30, the fifth district, after discussing the various earlier interpretations of the rule, focused heavily on Wilk and concluded that a relaxed standard of compliance was not acceptable. The court indicated it no longer approached cases involving failure to comply with Rule 604(d) in terms of whether the error was harmless or prejudicial, but instead applied a rule of strict compliance. We concur with the Hayes court's interpretation of the principles set forth in Wilk.

Because of the strict waiver requirements of Rule 604(d) (any issue not raised by the defendant in his motion to withdraw his guilty plea is deemed waived), fundamental fairness requires that the defendant have the assistance of counsel in preparing and presenting his motion. (See People v. Ledbetter (1988), 174 Ill.App.3d 234, 237-38, 123 Ill.Dec. 830, 528 N.E.2d 375.) Rule 604(d) sets forth defense counsel's duties in this regard and provides a simple, straightforward and mandatory procedure designed to insure that those duties are performed and, thus, that defendant's due process rights are protected....