People v. Moore

• Decision Date: 20 January 1978
• Docket Number: Nos. 49184-85,s. 49184-85
• Citation: 69 Ill.2d 520,372 N.E.2d 666,14 Ill.Dec. 470
• Parties: , 14 Ill.Dec. 470 The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. Robert Lee MOORE, Appellee. The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. Michael KUCHARCZYK, Appellee.
• Court: Illinois Supreme Court

Page 666

372 N.E.2d 666

69 Ill.2d 520, 14 Ill.Dec. 470

The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. Robert Lee MOORE, Appellee.

The PEOPLE of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. Michael KUCHARCZYK, Appellee.

Nos. 49184-85.

Supreme Court of Illinois.

Jan. 20, 1978.

William J. Scott, Atty. Gen., Springfield, and Thomas J. Difanis, State's Atty., Urbana (Donald B. MacKay, Asst. State's Atty., Chicago, and Robert C. Perry and Jeffrey B. Levens, Ill. State's Attys. Assn., Springfield, of counsel), for the People.

Richard J. Wilson, Deputy State Appellate Defender, and Richard E. Cunningham, Asst. Deputy State Appellate Defender, Springfield, and Richard J. Geddes, Asst. State Appellate Defender, Chicago, for appellee.

CLARK, Justice.

The defendants, Robert Lee Moore and Michael Kucharczyk, were convicted of attempted murder in unrelated proceedings in the circuit court of Champaign County. Each was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 4 to 10 years. The appellate court, disposing of the cases without opinion under Rule 23 (58 Ill.2d R. 23), affirmed the convictions, but remanded the cases on the basis of People v. Athey (1976), 43 Ill.App.3d 261, 1 Ill.Dec. 45, 356 N.E.2d 1332 for resentencing. It found the trial court believed the recommended minimum sentence of 4 years to be mandated by law. We allowed the State's petitions for leave to appeal (58 Ill.2d R. 315) and consolidated the cases.

The issue is clear. Did the trial court err in sentencing the defendants to a minimum of 4 years and a maximum of 10 years in prison? We find it did and affirm the orders of the appellate court.

The record indicates the trial court, at the sentencing hearing, imposed the sentence on the basis of its belief that the "charge of attempted murder carries with it a minimum of four years in the penitentiary." The relevant part of section 8-4 of the Criminal Code of 1961 (Ill.Rev.Stat.1973, ch. 38, par. 8-4(c)) is:

"A person convicted of an attempt may be fined or imprisoned or both not to exceed the maximum provided for the offense attempted but * * *

(1) the sentence for attempt to commit murder shall not exceed the sentence for a Class 1 felony; * * *."

(There is no issue here involving the maximum sentence that can be given for a Class 1 felony: "the maximum term shall be any term in excess of 4 years." Ill.Rev.Stat.1973, ch. 38, par. 1005-8-1(b)(2).)

The State argues that attempted murder is a Class 1 felony. If that is not clear from the language employed in section 8-4(c)(1) of the Criminal Code of 1961, so the argument goes, it is clear from the legislative intent. Furthermore, the State contends, the failure to use language stating that attempted murder is a Class 1 felony, either in itself or for sentencing purposes, is merely legislative oversight. Although the State concedes the language of section 8-4(c)(1) is not internally inconsistent or confusing, the State maintains there are external contradictions. Thus the State suggests that affirmance of the appellate court would not only result in crimes of attempt being removed from the general classification scheme of the Unified Code of Corrections (Ill.Rev.Stat.1973, ch. 38, pars. 1001-1-1 et seq.) but also would result in a new, inconsistent and separate classification of such crimes. Finally, the State believes the laws of other States and Illinois case law dictate reversal of the appellate court.

The State's reasoning is enticing, but, in the end, not persuasive. The language of section 8-4(c)(1) (Ill.Rev.Stat.1973, ch. 38, par. 8-4(c)(1)) is not ambiguous. It is clear, and the State admits there is no internal contradiction. It does not say attempted murder is a Class 1 felony. It does not state that, "for sentencing purposes," attempted murder is or is to be considered a Class 1 felony. It does not set out a minimum sentence for attempted murder. Section 8-4(c)(1) plainly and only declares that "the sentence for attempt to commit murder shall not exceed the sentence for a Class 1 felony." (Emphasis added.) That section only speaks of a sentence not in excess of that for Class 1 felonies; in other words, it refers only to a maximum sentence. For us to read more into the statute, which was in effect at the time the Unified Code of Corrections was adopted, would be in excess of our judicial role.

We have very recently held:

"The language of a statute must be given its plain and ordinary meaning. ' * * * the intention of the legislature should be ascertained * * *. This is to be done primarily from a consideration of the legislative language itself, which affords the best means of its exposition, and if the legislative intent can be ascertained therefrom it must prevail and will be given effect without resorting to other aids for construction. (Citations.) There is no rule of construction which authorizes a court to declare that the legislature did not mean what the plain language of the statute imports.' " (Franzese v. Trinko (1977), 66 Ill.2d 136, 139-40, 5 Ill.Dec. 262, 264, 361 N.E.2d 585, 587.)

We find that language and rule appropriate here. (See People v. McCoy (1976), 63 Ill.2d 40, 44-45, 344 N.E.2d 436; People ex rel. Cruz v. Fitzgerald (1977), 66 Ill.2d 546, 6 Ill.Dec. 888, 363 N.E.2d 835; cf. People v. Bratcher (1976), 63 Ill.2d 534, 542-43, 349 N.E.2d 31.) In short, the clear language must be given effect. If any change is to be made, it must come from the legislature.

The State next contends that People ex rel. Weaver v. Longo (1974), 57 Ill.2d 67, 309 N.E.2d 581, and People v. Scott (1974), ...