Philadelphia Parent Child Center, Inc. v. Com., Unemployment Compensation Bd. of Review
| Decision Date | 26 July 1979 |
| Citation | 403 A.2d 1362,44 Pa.Cmwlth. 452 |
| Parties | PHILADELPHIA PARENT CHILD CENTER, INC., Petitioner, v. COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION BOARD OF REVIEW and Renee B. Ricks, Respondents. |
| Court | Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court |
Larry A. Colston, McNeal & Colston, Philadelphia, for petitioner.
Reese F. Couch, Asst. Atty. Gen., Unemployment Compensation Bd. of Review, Harrisburg, Robert S. Robbins, Philadelphia, for respondents.
Before CRUMLISH, Jr., MENCER and ROGERS, JJ.
The Unemployment Compensation Board of Review (Board) affirmed a referee's award of benefits to Renee B. Ricks. Her employer, the Philadelphia Parent Child Center, Inc. (PPCC), appealed. We affirm the Board.
The first of two contentions PPCC urges is that Ricks "voluntarily" terminated her employment without a necessitous or compelling reason. 1 Whether a person has voluntarily terminated his employment is a question of law. That a worker intends to leave his job does not of its own mean that the leaving was voluntary for the purposes of Section 402(b)(1) of the Law. 2 The totality of circumstances must be considered.
"When therefore the pressure of real not imaginary, substantial not trifling, reasonable not whimsical, circumstances Compel the decision to leave employment, the decision is voluntary in the sense that the worker has willed it but involuntary because outward pressures have compelled it." Sturdevant Unemployment Compensation Case, 158 Pa.Super. 548, 557, 45 A.2d 898, 903 (1946).
The record discloses that Ricks was called to her supervisor's office and told to sign a letter of resignation. Prior to that time, she neither had seen the letter nor had she requested its preparation. What's more, she had no intention of resigning but did so because she thought refusal would precipitate her discharge. This suspicion was later confirmed by her employer. In our judgment, this was not a "voluntary termination."
PPCC's second argument is that the Board erred as a matter of law in disposing of the claim under Section 402(e). 3 This is without merit. Where a claimant technically resigns in order to avoid imminent discharge, the Board may properly treat the case as if it were a discharge for willful misconduct in determining eligibility for benefits. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review v. Simone, 24 Pa.Cmwlth. 248, 355 A.2d 614 (1976). The burden of establishing willful misconduct is on the employer. In this record it is undisputed that Rick's work performance was satisfactory but that her deficient administrative experience and educational qualifications prompted her discharge. 4 We can find no evidence sufficient in law to warrant the denial of benefits to Ricks.
Accordingly, we
AND NOW, this 26th day of July, 1979, the order of the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review...
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