Pinegar v. Harris

• Decision Date: 04 May 2007
• Docket Number: No. 2006 CU 2489.,2006 CU 2489.
• Parties: Jamie Michele PINEGAR v. Bradley Falcon HARRIS.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US

961 So.2d 1246

Jamie Michele PINEGAR v. Bradley Falcon HARRIS.

No. 2006 CU 2489.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

May 4, 2007.

Dissenting Opinion of Justice McDonald, May 16, 2007.

Rehearing Denied July 17, 2007.

David R. Paddison, Yvonne Chalker, Covington, La., for Plaintiff/Appellee, Jamie Michele Pinegar.

Deborah P. Gibbs, Baton Rouge, La., Margaret H. Kern, Covington, La., for Defendant/Appellant, Bradley Falcon Harris.

Before: CARTER, C.J., WHIPPLE and MCDONALD, JJ.

CARTER, C.J.

This is a child custody dispute. The father, Bradley Falcon Harris, appeals the Twenty-Second Judicial District Court judgment of September 12, 2006, maintaining joint custody of the minor child but modifying the custody schedule and designating the mother, Jamie Michelle Pinegar, as the domiciliary parent. Ms. Pinegar answers the appeal.¹ We affirm.

Appellate Motions

Mr. Harris sought leave of this court to attach to his appellate brief items filed into evidence during the present proceeding, as well as matters filed in the matter of "Jamie Michele Pinegar v. Bradley Falcon Harris," Nineteenth Judicial District Court, docket number 145,715. Ms. Pinegar filed a motion to strike the exhibits and references thereto within Mr. Harris's brief.

Pursuant to LSA-C.C.P. art. 2164, an appellate court must render its judgment upon the record on appeal.² An appellate court cannot review evidence that is not in the record on appeal and cannot receive new evidence. Guedry v. Fromenthal, 633 So.2d 287, 289 (La.App. 1 Cir.1993). For this reason, an appellate court cannot consider exhibits attached to an appellate brief that were not filed into evidence at trial. United General Title Insurance Co. v. Casey Title, Ltd., 01-600 (La.App. 5 Cir. 10/30/01), 800 So.2d 1061, 1065.

This court also is precluded from taking judicial notice of a suit record from another court. Union Planters Bank v. Commercial Capital Holding Corp., 04-0871 (La.App. 1 Cir. 3/24/05), 907 So.2d 129, 130. Louisiana Code of Evidence article 202 provides for mandatory judicial notice of federal and state laws and certain ordinances. Article 202 also provides for notice of various legal matters, when requested by a party and with proper documentation. Although a court may take judicial notice of its own proceedings, Article 202 does not allow courts to take judicial notice of other courts' proceedings. Documentation of other courts' proceedings must be offered into evidence in the usual manner. United General, 800 So.2d at 1065.

For the above-stated reasons, the motion to attach exhibits to Mr. Harris's appellate brief is denied. Exhibits A-C, F-K, M, and O-R arise from litigation in a separate suit record, number 145,715 in the Nineteenth Judicial District Court. The remaining exhibits (D, E, L, and N) are part of the present appellate record, making their attachment as exhibits unnecessary. To the extent Mr. Harris's brief references items not part of the record on appeal, the motion to strike filed by Ms. Pinegar is granted.

Facts and Procedural History

Mr. Harris and Ms. Pinegar are the parents of a preschool age daughter. The couple never married. Offered and accepted into evidence during the hearing on the rule to modify custody were three earlier consent judgments entered in the Nineteenth Judicial District Court, East Baton Rouge Parish, under docket number 145,715. The judgments were signed September 2, 2003; May 16, 2005;³ and April 26, 2006. The consent judgments reflect that the parents have shared physical custody of the child, in alternating weeks, since her birth. Neither parent is named as the domiciliary parent.

Ms. Pinegar and her child live alone in St. Tammany Parish. Before that, the two resided in New Orleans. In the fall of 2006, Ms. Pinegar was beginning her second year of teaching in the St. Tammany Parish School System. While with her mother in St. Tammany Parish, the child attends St. Michael's Episcopal School pre-kindergarten. The child's pediatrician and therapist also are located in St. Tammany Parish. Mr. Harris does not know the name of the child's pediatrician, and he has never visited the child's classroom or met her teacher in St. Tammany Parish.

When with her father in Baton Rouge, the child resides with her father and his brother. Prior to the fall of 2006, when with her father, the child attended a part-time preschool program in Baton Rouge. Her paternal grandmother was primarily responsible for getting her to and from her Baton Rouge preschool and for staying with the child while her father was at work. In the spring of 2006, Mr. Harris registered the child for a full-time preschool program in Baton Rouge. Mr. Harris registered the child without Ms. Pinegar's consent and knowing that Ms. Pinegar objected to his actions. When Ms. Pinegar spoke with the teacher in her daughter's new school, she learned that, although listed as the child's mother, her contact information had not been provided to the school.

On May 26, 2006, Ms. Pinegar filed the present rule to modify custody and support in St. Tammany Parish. The rule was set for a hearing on July 25, 2006. On July 20, 2006, Mr. Harris moved to continue the hearing. That same date, Mr. Harris filed an exception raising the objections of insufficiency of service of process, improper venue, res judicata, and no cause of action. A hearing on the exception and the rule to modify custody was held on August 22, 2006.

During the hearing, the court heard testimony from Mr. Harris, Mr. Lawrence Harris (the paternal grandfather), and Ms. Pinegar. The court overruled all of the objections raised in Mr. Harris's exception. In particular, the district court ruled that venue was proper in St. Tammany Parish. Following the ruling on the exception, Mr. Harris indicated his desire to seek supervisory review of the district court's denial of his exception raising an objection to venue. Mr. Harris would not agree to an interim order regarding custody pending the resolution of the writ application. Mr. Harris also would not agree to a custody evaluation under LSA-R.S. 9:331.

Accordingly, at the end of the hearing on the rule to modify custody, the trial court rendered its judgment. Although the parents would continue to share joint custody, the alternating week schedule was discontinued. Mr. Harris would enjoy custody of his child every other weekend, from Thursday through Sunday until the child started kindergarten, and a holiday schedule also was put in place. Ms. Pinegar was named as the domiciliary parent. A written judgment was signed on September 12, 2006.

Judgment of September 12, 2006

Venue

Following the denial of his declinatory exception raising an objection to venue in St. Tammany Parish, Mr. Harris immediately sought supervisory review with this court. On October 20, 2006, this court denied writs, making the following statement: "St. Tammany Parish is a parish of proper venue pursuant to the provision of La. C.C.P. art. 74.2 B, as there has been no designation of domiciliary status and both parties have custody." One judge dissented, noting "[t]he only proper venue for this ongoing litigation is in the East Baton Rouge Parish Family Court." Pinegar v. Harris, 06-2035 (La.App. 1 Cir. 10/20/06) (not designated for publication), writ denied, 06-2749 (La.11/21/06), 942 So.2d 544. On appeal, Mr. Harris asks this court to evaluate whether St. Tammany Parish was a proper venue for Ms. Pinegar's rule to modify custody.⁴

A proceeding for change of custody may be brought in the parish where the person awarded custody is domiciled or in the parish where the custody decree was rendered. LSA-C.C.P. art. 74.2 B. Comment (c) of the 1983 comments to Article 74.2 provides: "Venue for a proceeding for change of custody would be the parish where the person awarded custody is domiciled or where the original⁵ decree was rendered because both courts would be familiar with the circumstances of the case and could rule in the best interest of the minor."

At the time Ms. Pinegar filed her rule to modify custody, the parents had been awarded joint custody, and neither parent was declared to be the domiciliary parent. A plain reading of LSA-C.C.P. art. 74.2 B shows that, under the facts of this case, venue was proper in either East Baton Rouge Parish or in St. Tammany Parish.

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 74.2 E provides a defendant with a procedure to challenge venue. In evaluating such a challenge, the district court has great discretion to decide which of the several proper venues is more appropriate when considering the convenience of the parties and the witnesses and the interest of justice. See Addington v. McGehee, 29,729 (La.App. 2 Cir. 8/20/97), 698 So.2d 702, 705. When exercising its discretion, the court always should be mindful of whether it has access to the relevant information pertinent to a determination of the overriding concern in all child custody disputes — the best interest of the child.

Under the facts of this case, we find no error in the trial court's conclusion that St. Tammany Parish was a proper venue for Ms. Pinegar's rule to modify custody. We further find the trial court did not abuse its vast discretion in declining to transfer the custody proceeding to East Baton Rouge Parish.⁶

No Cause of Action

When a custody decree is, as herein, a stipulated or consensual judgment a party seeking modification of custody must prove that there has been a material change in circumstances since the decree, as well as prove that the proposed modification is in the best interest of the child. Shaffer v. Shaffer, 00-1251 (La.App. 1 Cir. 9/13/00), 808 So.2d 354, 356-357, writ denied, 00-2838 (La.11/13/00), 774 So.2d 151. Mr. Harris maintains Ms. Pinegar's rule to modify custody and support failed to state a cause of action in that the petition fails to allege a change in circumstances materially affecting the welfare of the child.

In her rule to modify...