Professional Check Service, Inc. v. Dutton

• Citation: 560 So.2d 755
• Parties: PROFESSIONAL CHECK SERVICE, INC. v. Melba DUTTON, District Court Clerk, Morgan County; and Bob Burrell, Morgan County District Attorney. 89-462.
• Decision Date: 16 March 1990
• Court: Supreme Court of Alabama

Page 755

560 So.2d 755

PROFESSIONAL CHECK SERVICE, INC. v. Melba DUTTON, District Court Clerk, Morgan County; and Bob Burrell, Morgan County District Attorney.

89-462.

Supreme Court of Alabama.

March 16, 1990.

John Zingarelli of Teague & Zingarelli, Decatur, for appellant Professional Check Service, Inc.

Don Siegelman, Atty. Gen., and Jeffery H. Long, Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellee Melba Dutton.

Robert H. Harris and Barnes F. Lovelace, Jr. of Harris, Caddell & Shanks, Decatur, for appellee Bob Burrell.

SHORES, Justice.

This is an appeal by Professional Check Service, Inc. ("Professional Check"), from the denial of a motion for a writ of mandamus by the Morgan County Circuit Court. The writ of mandamus sought to compel the clerk of the Morgan County District Court to accept, from Professional Check, warrant affidavits against writers of bad checks and to compel the county district attorney to prosecute such cases.

Professional Check is a corporation that processes bad checks for merchants. Pursuant to arrangements among the merchants, Professional Check, and various banks, the banks would return dishonored checks directly to Professional Check. Professional Check would then notify the drawer of the check by letter or telephone that the check had been returned and would request payment of the check plus a $10.00 service charge. If the drawer did not respond, Professional Check would send the drawer a certified letter threatening criminal prosecution. Then, if the drawer did not respond to this letter, Professional Check would contact the merchant for further instruction.

If the merchant instructed Professional Check to take the dishonored check to the magistrate, the merchant would complete an information sheet to determine whether the check would be suitable for prosecution. If the check was suitable for prosecution, the president of Professional Check, David Thompson, would present the check to Melba Dutton, clerk of the Morgan County District Court. Mr. Thompson would then testify under oath as to the items on the information sheet and give Ms. Dutton a copy of the certified letter and the returned check. If she found reasonable grounds to believe the drawer was guilty, Ms. Dutton would issue a warrant.

Upon learning that other district court clerks would not issue warrants for the offense of writing worthless checks based on affidavits signed by persons other than the victims, Ms. Dutton requested an opinion from the Attorney General of the State of Alabama regarding who was the proper affiant in the case of a warrant for the offense of writing worthless checks. On August 1, 1988, the Attorney General issued an opinion stating that a representative of a private check collection agency was not the proper party to sign the affidavit on which the warrant was issued, but, rather, that the victim of the offense was the proper person to sign the affidavit for an arrest warrant for the drawer of a worthless check.

On September 2, 1988, Professional Check filed, in the Morgan County Circuit Court, its petition for a writ of mandamus to compel the clerk of the Morgan County District Court to accept its warrant affidavits and to compel the county district attorney to prosecute the cases involved. Ms. Dutton filed a counterclaim, asking the court to declare whether she was required to issue the warrants on Mr. Thompson's affidavits.

The circuit court held that the victim of the offense of writing a worthless check was the proper person to swear out a complaint. This Court has held that affidavits for arrest warrants may not be based on mere conclusions that the offense has been committed, but, rather, must contain the factual basis for such a conclusion. Crittenden v. State, 476 So.2d 632 (Ala.1985). Under § 15-7-2, Code of Alabama 1975, a judge or magistrate is authorized to question a complainant who testifies that "in his opinion" an offense has been committed. This section further provides that the depositions taken by the judge or magistrate "must set forth the facts ... tending to establish the commission of the offense and the guilt of the defendant." Consistent with this law, the Attorney General, in an earlier opinion, issued on December 6, 1985, had stated that the complaint in a worthless check prosecution must be based on the complainant's personal knowledge of the commission of the offense and, in the opinion requested in regard to the present controversy, the Attorney General stated that the complainant in such prosecutions must be the victim. We affirm the judgment of the circuit court and hold that, in worthless check...