Ramos, In re

• Decision Date: 14 May 1987
• Docket Number: No. 4-86-0602,4-86-0602
• Citation: Ramos, In re, 508 N.E.2d 484, 155 Ill.App.3d 374, 108 Ill.Dec. 323 (Ill. App. 1987)
• Parties: , 108 Ill.Dec. 323 In re the Summary Suspension of Driver's License of Omer A. RAMOS (The People of the State of Illinois, Petitioner-Appellee, v. Omer A. Ramos, Defendant- Appellant).
• Court: Appellate Court of Illinois

Page 484

508 N.E.2d 484

155 Ill.App.3d 374, 108 Ill.Dec. 323

In re the Summary Suspension of Driver's License of Omer A. RAMOS (The People of the State of Illinois Petitioner-Appellee, v. Omer A. Ramos Defendant- Appellant).

No. 4-86-0602.

Appellate Court of Illinois Fourth District.

May 14, 1987.

Fellheimer, Fellheimer, O'Dell, Travers & Luckman, Ltd., Pontiac (Carey J. Luckman, of counsel), for defendant-appellant.

Donald D. Bernardi, State's Atty., Pontiac, Kenneth R. Boyle, Director State's Attys. Appellate Prosecutor, Springfield, Robert J. Biderman, Staff Atty., for petitioner-appellee.

Justice LUND delivered the opinion of the court:

Defendant, Omer Ramos, appeals from an order of the circuit court of Livingston County denying his petition to rescind the summary suspension of his driver's license, which petition was filed pursuant to section 2-118.1 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 2-118.1).

The State failed to file a timely brief, and upon motion of the defendant, we determined to proceed on the appeal without it. The pertinent facts are simple, and the allegations of error can be decided without such assistance. First Capitol Mortgage Corp. v. Talandis Construction Corp. (1976), 63 Ill.2d 128, 133, 345 N.E.2d 493, 495.

On March 22, 1986, defendant was arrested for driving while under the influence of alcohol. (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 11-501.) He agreed to take a breathalyzer test and did take the test. The regulations pertaining to the operation of the breathalyzer machine require a 20-minute period of observation prior to administering the test. After a full 20 minutes of observing defendant, the trooper charged with administering the test attempted to take defendant's breath sample. Unfortunately, the trooper had forgotten to reset the machine for a breath sample after taking the required control sample of room air. The trooper had to spend some six minutes resetting the machine to accept a breath sample. His testimony at the "implied consent" hearing was that he spent the six minutes focusing his attention primarily on the machine and not the defendant, although the defendant was within his peripheral vision. There were no water fountains nor food in that area, and the trooper smelled no smoke. He did not see any vomit to indicate defendant had regurgitated. The trooper did not stand and stare at the defendant as he had for the 20 minutes prior to attempting the test, but he had occasion to see defendant as he worked to reset the machine. Defendant was seated five to seven feet away from the machine and did not leave the area during the six-minute period. The test resulted in a reading of .21.

Defendant received confirmation from the court that his driver's license would be suspended. He filed a petition to rescind the summary suspension pursuant to section 2-118.1 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 2-118.1). Along with this petition, he filed a motion for declaration of unconstitutionality. At the hearing, defendant moved to have the test results stricken on the basis of the six-minute gap in observation prior to administering the test. The court denied the petition finding the arresting officer had reasonable grounds to believe defendant to be under the influence of alcohol. The court also denied both of defendant's motions.

On appeal, defendant raises two alleged errors: (1) the trial court erred in denying the motion to strike the test results as the six minutes of noncontinuous observation prior to administration of the breathalyzer test is a failure to comply with the mandatory operating procedures; and (2) the summary suspension procedure encompassed in the Illinois Vehicle Code is unconstitutional.

Section 11-501.2(a)(1) of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 11-501.2(a)(1)) requires that chemical analysis of a person's breath be conducted according to standards set by the Department of Public Health. One of the standards is a 20-minute period of observation prior to administering the breath-analysis test:

"Procedures for breath-alcohol analysis shall include the following requirements in conjunction with the testing of each subject:

(a) Continuous observation of the subject for at least twenty (20) minutes prior to collection of the breath specimen, during which period the subject must not have ingested alcohol, food, drink, regurgitated, vomited, or smoked." (77 Ill.Admin.Code, ch. I, sec. 510.60 (1985).)

We recently reaffirmed that compliance with the standards is mandatory, and the admissibility of alcohol test results will be denied for failure to comply. People v. Haney (1987), 155 Ill.App.3d 44, 107 Ill.Dec. 566, 507 N.E.2d 230.

In the instant case, we find no substantial error such that the test results should be stricken. The six minutes where the trooper was concentrating on resetting the machine rather than simply standing and staring at the defendant do not indicate a serious failure to comply with the required standards and procedures. The defendant was observed for a full 20 minutes prior to the first attempt at a breath sample. The trooper testified the defendant was seated in a chair in a long hallway at the State Highway Patrol Headquarters. There was no food nor a water fountain nearby. The defendant did not smoke or regurgitate during that 20-minute period. During the six minutes when the trooper was resetting the machine, defendant was again seated in the hallway. He did not leave the area during the six minutes. The trooper noticed no smoke nor vomit in the area. Defendant took nothing, such as gum, out of his mouth prior to taking the test. Defendant was observed periodically as the trooper moved about the machine and was constantly within the peripheral vision of the trooper. The trial court found that this constituted substantial compliance with the standards promulgated by the Department of Public Health. We agree. On the record before us, we find no error.

The defendant's second allegation of error is more complex. He advances two arguments that the statutory suspension scheme is unconstitutional. Defendant first argues that the scheme violates the equal protection guarantees of the Illinois and United States Constitutions (Ill. Const. 1970, art. I, sec. 2; U.S. Const., amend. XIV) because it applies to the driver under the influence of alcohol and not the driver who is under the influence of drugs or a combination of drugs and alcohol. Section 11-501 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 11-501) makes it illegal to drive a motor vehicle under certain stated conditions: (1) having a blood-alcohol concentration of .10 or more; (2) driving under the influence of alcohol; (3) driving under the influence of any other drug which renders one incapable of safely operating a motor vehicle; and (4) driving under the influence of any combination of alcohol and drugs such that one is incapable of driving safely. Section 11-501.1(a) (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 11-501.1(a)) provides that one is deemed to have given consent to tests which will determine the amount of alcohol, or other drugs, or a combination of alcohol and other drugs in one's blood. Section 11-501.1(d) (Ill.Rev.Stat.1985, ch. 95 1/2, par. 11-501.1(d)) states that one's license will be summarily suspended if one refuses testing, or if one submits to a test and the result is a blood-alcohol concentration of .10 or greater. The suspension scheme does not affect the driver who has drugs other than alcohol in his system. It is this "discrimination" against the driver with blood-alcohol content greater than .10 to which defendant objects.

We may respond simply. As defendant has identified no fundamental right encroached on by the summary suspension scheme, the legislature need only have some rational and reasonable basis for setting up this classification. (Jenkins v. Wu (1984), 102 Ill.2d 468, 477, 82 Ill.Dec. 382, 384-85, 468 N.E.2d 1162, 1166-67; People v. Mourillon (1984), 124 Ill.App.3d 218, 220-21, 79 Ill.Dec. 562, 564, 463 N.E.2d 1337, 1339.) Further, the legislature may even differentiate among those similarly situated as long as there is a rational basis for doing so. (102 Ill.2d 468, 477, 82 Ill.Dec. 382, 384-85, 468 N.E.2d 1162, 1166-67.) The statutory summary suspension scheme is "an administrative function of the Secretary of State, designed to protect the persons who travel the highways." (Koss v. Slater (1987), 116 Ill.2d 389, 395, 107 Ill.Dec. 673, 676, 507 N.E.2d 826, 829.) Also, "[t]he legislature need not attack...