Ramos v. Town of E. Hartford

Decision Date02 July 2019
Docket NumberNo. 3:16-CV-166 (VLB),3:16-CV-166 (VLB)
PartiesWILSON RAMOS, As Administrator of The Estate of Jose A. Maldonado, and Individually, Plaintiff, v. TOWN OF EAST HARTFORD et al., Defendants.
CourtU.S. District Court — District of Connecticut
MEMORANDUM OF DECISION GRANTING IN PART AND DENYING IN PART DEFENDANTS' MOTIONS FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT [DKTS. 125, 126]

Plaintiff Wilson Ramos ("Ramos"), as administrator of the Estate of his deceased brother Jose A. Maldonado (the "Estate" or "Maldonado"), and individually, brings this action against the Town of East Hartford and Officers Jason Kaplan, James Lis, Jason Cohen, and Chief Scott Sansom (collectively, "Defendants"). Plaintiff brings various state and federal claims stemming from the fatal altercation he observed between Maldonado and Defendants Kaplan, Lis, and Cohen on April 13, 2014.

Before the Court are two motions for summary judgment. Defendants Town of East Hartford, Lis, Cohen, and Sansom filed a Motion for Summary Judgment ("Defendants' Motion for Summary Judgment"). See [Dkt. 126 (Mot. for Summ. J.)]. Defendant Kaplan filed a separate Motion for Summary Judgment ("Defendant Kaplan's Motion for Summary Judgment"). See [Dkt. 125 (Def. Jason Kaplan's Mot. for Summ. J.)]. For the following reasons, the Court GRANTS IN PART AND DENIES IN PART Defendants' Motion for Summary Judgment and Defendant Kaplan's Motion for Summary Judgment.

I. Factual Background1

On April 12, 2014, Ramos and Maldonado attended a party and Maldonado drank beer and cognac to the point of intoxication. They left early because Maldonado was so intoxicated. [Dkt. 126-5 (Ramos Dep.) at 44:21-25, 49:16-52:6]. Ramos and Maldonado were half-siblings. Id. at 10:2-8. Ramos had never seen Maldonado as drunk as he was that night. Id. at 43:24-44:1.

While Ramos and Maldonado were walking towards Ramos's car, a vehicle occupied by Angel Arroyo, Liz Bigio, and three children stopped, and an argument ensued during which Maldonado punched and shattered the glass of the driver's side window. Id. at 62:19-64:23; see also [Dkt. 126-6 (Bigio Dep.) at 18:8-13]; [Dkt. 126-7 (Arroyo Dep.) at 16:23-25]. Ms. Bigio called the police and Sergeant Lis was the first to arrive on the scene alone. [Dkts. 126-5 at 69:22-70:6; 126-6 at 38:16-26; 126-8 (Lis Dep.) at 54:7-19]. Sergeant Lis spoke with Ms. Bigio and observed damage to her vehicle. [Dkt. 126-8 at 54:7-23]. Ms. Bigio pointed to Ramos and Maldonado and stated that one of them broke her window. Id.

Sergeant Lis approached Ramos and Maldonado and observed Ramos pushing Maldonado into the passenger seat of a motor vehicle. [Dkt. 126-5 at 70:18-71:14]. Sergeant Lis instructed Ramos to move away from the vehicle, so he could speak to Maldonado, but Ramos refused. [Dkt. 126-8 at 57:8-16]. At his deposition,Ramos admitted he heard Sergeant Lis's command, but could no longer recall what Lis said. [Dkt. 126-5 at 71:5-8]. Ramos admitted he did not comply with Sergeant Lis's command and told Lis to wait until he got Maldonado fully into the vehicle. [Dkts. 126-5 at 116; 132-6 (Ramos Aff.) at ¶ 4; 126-8 at 57:3-58:25, 71:1-20]. After Ramos got Maldonado into the vehicle, he turned around and Sergeant Lis sprayed him with pepper spray. [Dkts. 126-5 at 71:1-4; 132-6 at ¶ 4; 126-8 at 56:21-57:23]. Ramos claims he did not have a chance to acknowledge Sergeant Lis's command voluntarily because he was pepper sprayed almost immediately after the command. [Dkts. 132-3 (Ramos Dep.) at 72:13-18; 132-6 at ¶ 4]. Sergeant Lis, with the help of Officer Miller who arrived on the scene, handcuffed Ramos and brought him to the ground. [Dkts. 126-8 at 59:3-10; 132-3 at 72:24-73:6].

Next, Sergeant Lis turned to Maldonado who was walking towards him with clenched fists and saying, "Fuck you, motherfucker." [Dkt. 126-8 at 59:22-60:11]. Sergeant Lis struck him in the face. Id. Then, Officer Parlapiano arrived, sprayed Maldonado with pepper spray, and both officers brought Maldonado into custody. Id. at 60:12-13. Once Maldonado was handcuffed, he continued to resist and try to pull away. [Dkt. 126-10 (Cohen Dep.) at 65:21-24, 66:16-22]. Ramos did not see this interaction between Maldonado and the officers because he was handcuffed and face down on the ground. [Dkt. 132-3 at 74:15-75:11]. Officers Parlapiano and Cohen observed Sergeant Lis struggling to take Maldonado into custody. [Dkts. 126-9 (Parlapiano Dep.) at 16:5-19; 126-10 at 62:24-63:2]. Mr. Arroyo and Ms. Bigio also observed that the officers had a hard time controlling Maldonado. [Dkts. 126-6 at 37:2-23; 126-7 at 22:12-21]. Mr. Arroyo described Maldonado like "a bulletgoing everywhere" and Ms. Bigio described him as "The Hulk." [Dkts. 126-6 at 37:2-23; 126-7 at 25:1-20].

After he was handcuffed, the officers observed that Maldonado was intoxicated and continued to be uncooperative. [Dkts. 126-8 at 71:18-24; 126-10 at 65:12-66:22; 126-11 (Kaplan Dep.) at 133:21-134:12]. He struggled during the pat down and refused to get into the police cruiser. [Dkts. 126-8 at 75:8-12; 126-11 at 133:24-134:6]. Ramos was compliant with the officers for the remainder of the night and no additional force was used. [Dkt. 126-8 at 66:9-21]. Maldonado and Ramos were put in separate police cruisers and transported to the East Hartford Police Department headquarters by Officers Kaplan and Cohen, respectively. [Dkts. 126-10 at 70:5-8; 126-11 at 145:9-19]. Maldonado was spitting at Officer Kaplan during the transport, but Ramos was transported without incident. [Dkt. 126-11 at 145:12-17].

Upon arrival at the headquarters, Officers Kaplan and Cohen brought Maldonado to the eyewash decontamination area in the booking room to let him rinse his eyes, but he refused. [Dkt. 126-10 at 72:2-12; 126-11 at 145:20-147:6]. Plaintiff disputes that Maldonado refused, but he cites no evidence in support of his assertion. Officers Kaplan and Cohen then escorted Maldonado into the holding cell inside the booking area, uncuffed him, and locked him inside the cell. [Dkts. 126-17 (Holding Cell Video); 126-10 at 73:3-5; 126-11 at 146:17-147:6]. After he was alone in the cell, Maldonado began pacing and disrobing. [Dkt. 126-17 at 2:00:49-2:04:35].

Next, Officers Cohen and Kaplan escorted Ramos into the booking area and allowed him to rinse his face in the eye decontamination area. [Dkts. 126-10 at 73:15-74:2; 126-11 at 147:11-148:10]. By this time, Sergeant Lis arrived in the booking room. [Dkt. 126-8 at 77:21-78:5]. Maldonado had removed all of his clothing except for his underwear and his right pant leg which was stuck around his ankle over his shoe. [Dkt. 126-17 at 2:00:49-2:04:35]. The officers asked Ramos if he was comfortable going into the holding cell with Maldonado and Ramos said yes. [Dkt. 126-5 at 84:24-85:3]. Officers Kaplan and Cohen escorted Ramos to the holding cell door and told Maldonado, who was inside the cell, to step away from the door. Id. at 90:1-6. The officers removed Ramos's handcuffs. Id. at 89:12-14. One of the officers unlocked the holding cell door.

What happened during the next two minutes was captured by two cameras, neither of which recorded audio:

Time on Camera2
Event
2:04:36
Maldonado begins moving towards the
door of the holding cell.
2:04:38
Maldonado grabs the sliding door of
the holding cell.
2:04:39
Maldonado pushes the sliding door of
the holding cell open and steps into the
threshold of the door.
2:04:40
Maldonado reaches the officers
standing immediately outside of the
sliding door of the holding cell.
2:04:41
Maldonado is punched and pushed
backwards towards the holding cell.
2:04:42
Maldonado is pushed backwards and
reenters the holding cell.

Time on Camera2
Event
2:04:43
Maldonado struggles with the officers
who are crowded in the entrance of the
cell. Maldonado punches forward
towards the officers with his right arm.
2:04:44
Maldonado continued to struggle with
the officers.
2:04:45
While struggling with the officers,
Maldonado extends his left arm and
tries to keep Sergeant Lis at bay.
Officer Kaplan takes out his taser and
aims it at Maldonado.
2:04:46
Officer Kaplan takes a step forward still
aiming the taser at Maldonado.
Maldonado's arms are bent at a ninety-
degree angle. Maldonado takes a step
to the side with his left leg. He does not
appear to be advancing.
2:04:48
Sergeant Lis punches Maldonado in the
face with his left arm. Maldonado
doubles over, spins approximately
180° and is facing the back of the
holding cell.
2:04:49
Sergeant Lis pushes Maldonado from
behind towards the holding cell wall
directly opposite from the door.
Maldonado extends his arms to catch
himself. He falls forward and his head
makes contact with the wall.
2:04:50
Sergeant Lis runs towards Maldonado
and hovers over him.
2:04:51
Sergeant Lis stays near Maldonado
leaning over him.
2:04:52
Officer Kaplan continues to hold the
taser aimed at Maldonado. With his
other hand, he holds Ramos against
the side of the holding cell against the
cell wall.
2:04:53
Maldonado braces his right arm on the
floor and lifts his upper body off the
floor.
2:04:54
Maldonado sits on the floor with his
upper body slumped forward over his
legs.

Time on Camera2
Event
2:04:55
Sergeant Lis steps back from
Maldonado. Officer Kaplan holds
Ramos in the corner of the holding cell
against the wall. He continues to hold
the taser in his other hand.
2:04:56—2:04:59
Maldonado remains seated leaning
forward as his torso rocks slightly from
side-to-side.
2:05:00
The officers stand back from
Maldonado who is still seated and
leaning very far forward.
2:05:01—2:05:03
Sergeant Lis takes out his handcuffs
and moves towards Maldonado.
2:05:04
Sergeant Lis and Officer Cohen
continue to move towards Maldonado.
2:05:05—2:05:09
Sergeant Lis and Officer Cohen move
Maldonado in preparation for
handcuffing him.
2:05:09
Sergeant Lis moves away from
Maldonado towards Officer Kaplan and
Ramos in the corner of the holding cell.
2:05:09—2:05:16
Officer Cohen moves Maldonado to his
side and begins handcuffing his
...

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