Realty Holding Co. v. Donaldson

• Decision Date: 12 December 1923
• Docket Number: 598.
• Parties: REALTY HOLDING CO. v. DONALDSON.
• Court: U.S. District Court — Eastern District of Michigan

294 F. 541

REALTY HOLDING CO. v. DONALDSON.

No. 598.

United States District Court, E.D. Michigan, Southern Division.

December 12, 1923

John R Rood, of Detroit, Mich., for plaintiff.

Miller Canfield, Paddock & Stone, of Detroit, Mich., for defendant.

TUTTLE District Judge.

This case is before the court on a motion by defendant to dismiss the bill of complaint for reasons which include asserted absence of jurisdiction in this court. The only ground of jurisdiction invoked by plaintiff is that based on alleged diversity of citizenship.

The bill avers that plaintiff is a Delaware corporation and that defendant is a resident of Detroit, Mich., within this district. Plaintiff seeks in its bill to enforce specific performance of a 33-year lease of certain premises located in said city of Detroit, which lease is alleged in the bill to have been granted by defendant to the Clifford Land Company a Michigan corporation, and to have been thereafter assigned by the lessee named to the plaintiff. The suit is not claimed by plaintiff to be, and clearly is not, a proceeding in rem but is a suit to recover rights and to obtain relief in personam against the defendant. A copy of said lease is attached to the bill and by reference made a part thereof, and various violations of such lease are alleged, and complained of as the substantial basis for the relief sought. The main object of the suit is the enforcement of the terms and provisions of this lease.

After filing an answer on the merits and a counterclaim (designated therein as a 'cross-bill,' in apparent disregard of the language of equity rule 30), asking that plaintiff be enjoined from interference with the claimed right of defendant to terminate said lease, defendant filed the motion to dismiss already referred to.

Plaintiff has filed a motion to strike from the files the motion to dismiss the bill, urging that defendant is not now in position to object for the first time to the jurisdiction of the court. This contention is plainly without merit. It is elementary law that the jurisdiction of a federal court over a cause pending therein must affirmatively appear from the pleadings or record in such cause, and that the absence of a showing of such jurisdiction, not only may be brought to the attention of the court at any stage of the proceedings, but will be noticed, with resultant dismissal of the suit, by the court on its own motion, even against the protests of the parties. Morris v. Gilmer, 129 U.S. 315, 9 Sup.Ct. 289, 32 L.Ed. 690; Thomas v. Board of Trustees, 195 U.S. 207, 25 Sup.Ct. 24, 49 L.Ed. 160; Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway Co. v. Willard, 220 U.S. 413, 31 Sup.Ct. 460, 55 L.Ed. 521; Utah-Nevada Co. v. DeLamar, 133 F. 113, 66 C.C.A. 179 (C.C.A. 9). Indeed, section 37 of the Judicial Code (Comp. St. Sec. 1019) expressly provides that:

'If in any suit commenced in a District Court, * * * it shall appear to the satisfaction of the said District Court, at any time after such suit has been brought, * * * that such suit does not really and substantially involve a dispute or controversy properly within the jurisdiction of said District Court, * * * the said District Court shall proceed no further therein, but shall dismiss the suit.' The first subdivision of section 24 of the Judicial Code (Comp. St. Sec. 991 (1)) provides, among other things, as follows:

'No District Court shall have cognizance of any suit

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